Large-scale pig raising has the following characteristics: continuity, strong rhythm, production line shows the characteristics of line factory operations, high swarm clustering, high density, high requirements for housing and equipment, and production objects are living organisms. Its biological characteristics are diverse and complex. There are interdependencies and interactions among various types of pigs in the production process. Control and adjustment should be carried out from the perspective of the overall optimality. The waste of urine and sewage should be large. , easy to cause pollution to the pig farm itself and the surrounding environment. Based on the above characteristics, the pig farm comprehensive management technology generally includes the following contents: production process design technology; breed combination method and herd management technology; disease control; environmental control father; production and operation management. This article focuses on process design and feeding management techniques. Other aspects involved in other documents. 1 1.1 pig production process design features basic design requirements (600 sows, the slaughter of ten thousand pigs, for example) in favor of employees operating potential, reduce labor intensity and improve efficiency, clean, easy to disinfect;? Temperature, Facilities such as humidity, ventilation, lighting, etc. are complete; pigs are convenient to move in and out, convenient for performance observation and measurement; and excreta separation design is used to separate the manure tract from the rain gutters. Field requirements: 155 to 165 farrowing pens, 340 limit columns, 100 nursery pens, 24 boars, 149 breeding pens, 18 fattening pens, and 43 mating observation pens (3 heads 1 column). 10 male backyards (1 head in two columns), 41 gilts in head (3 heads and 1 head) 1.2 Technical index system Basic number of sows: 600 heads. The lean meat percentage of fattening pigs was more than 60%, and the daily gain was 700g. The whole group of meat ratio was less than 4:1. A feeling of conception rate: 85%. Weaning to estrus interval: зd. Sow elimination rate: 20%. Litter size: 11.5 heads. The number of weaned piglets: 9.5 heads. Sow life span: 3 to 4 years. Sows reproductive cycle: 7 days of mating, 114 days of pregnancy, 28 days of lactation, a total of 14 days (21 weeks). Uniformity control (also known as performance deterioration control): The coefficient of variation is below 15%. 1.3 process (in weeks) 2 pig? Injuries? Beans Fu calender occasion? / Br> 2.1 2.1.1 two pigs back stage before and after weight 60kg division, pre-male and female with the same nutrient levels, average daily feed intake 1.6 Kg ~ 1.8kg, the expected daily weight gain 600g, each 1g feed nutrient content: digestive energy 3.3Mcal, crude protein 17.5%; late Chonggong feed intake 2.25kg ~ 2.35kg, expected daily gain 70‰g ~ 800g, nutritional level: digestive energy 3.2Mcal/kg, crude protein 15%; gilt daily intake 2.15kg, expected daily gain 650g ~ 75‰g, nutritional level: digestive energy 3.2Mcal/kg, crude protein 14 %. 2..2 Feeding and management: 2.1.2.1 The preliminarily-concentrated material is fed freely, and the amount of green material is quantified at 0.5 kg each; the rearing is limited, and the feeding amount on the male and female daily remains unchanged from 2.2 kg to 2 kg until breeding. ; ring slips on 2.1.2.2 pigs back 3d, were pens, equipment disinfection, after the ring re-vaccination and deworming half months; 2.1.2.3 on the day, once in the afternoon cleaning pens, Paul sent ?? 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Gou Wu / br> 2.1.2.4 boar reserve lap feeder 2, 3 ~ 4 gilts circle, a timing displacement, to exercise muscles and limping;?? 2.1.2.5 6 months of age when weight measurement, body size, body weight of 100kg fat measuring a living body 1; 2.1.2.6 boars and good observation oestrus behavior, described; 2.1.2.7 gilts or 7-8 months old weighing 90kg - 120kg when implemented First With the use of this method to improve the tire rate. 2.2 The key to breeding boar boars is to maintain a good body condition, maintain limb and hoof health, and maintain good libido and semen quality. 2.2.1 Selection of boars: selected boars should have good growth and development, strong and strong legs and feet, back and back flat, thick, well-developed front and rear limbs, abdomen close, left and right testicles large and prominent, more than 7 pairs of nipples And arranged evenly, male features such as obvious performance. 2.2.2 Reasonable rearing: When the weight of the boar diet is increased, the diet should be prepared according to the ideal protein model and the amino acid content of the feed ingredients. The digestive energy is maintained at 3.1 Mcal/kg and the crude protein is 1% to 16%. Under the premise of %, increase the amount of dietary lysine and methionine to 0.9%, ‰.6%, and increase the vitamin supply standard. During the growing season, feed high-quality hair feeds, such as yeast powder, fermented malt, etc., and feed 1 to 2 eggs daily to increase libido and semen quality. 2.2.3 The routine immunizations are conducted once a year and the insects are repelled twice. 2.2.4 Comb fur for 2 times a week and drive the boar out of the house for forced exercise 2 times. 2.2.5 Control and use frequency: This exchange can be allocated 4 times a week, and sperm extraction is conducted once every other day. 2.3 Seed sows 2.3.1 Nutritional level: digestive energy during pregnancy 3.05Mcal/kg, crude protein 14%, lactation digestion energy 3.1Mca/kg, crude protein 15%; pregnant sows concentrate quantitative supply, post-weaning to breeding Gradually increase the fine material and the green material beforehand. The daily feed volume of the concentrate will gradually increase from 2k to 2.3kg. After mating to 28d, the amount of concentrate will be reduced to 19kg, the amount of green material will be increased to 3kg, and malt will be added. It is beneficial to the development of fertilized eggs and implantation of embryos, which will help improve the survival rate of piglets. From the 29th to the 80th day of gestation, the concentrate weight was 2.3kg, the green material was 3kg, from 81d to 111d, the concentrate weight was 2.4kg to 2.5kg, and the green material was 3kg. From 112d to delivery, the concentrate was gradually reduced to 1kg, 113d to Sows are fed with probiotics to help sows deliver, postpartum bowel recovery and normal lactation are also beneficial to the health of piglets. preparation. 2.3.2 Nursing sows (with 10 pigs): The fine material after delivery is gradually increased to 2kg.5kg to 4.5kg, and the fine material is gradually reduced to 2kg before 3rd day of weaning, and the green material is reduced to 1kg. No feed is given on the weaning day. 2.3.3 Sweep the house twice a day to keep the trough and drinker clean and leave no surplus feed. 2.3.4 Avoid foreign interference, startle and whipping, and prevent constipation. 2.3.5 Deworming 2 weeks before delivery, disinfection of pens, utensils and feeding bars within 2 weeks before delivery. 2.3.6 Items that should be prepared before delivery: dental scissors, ear number scissors, rags, bedding, iodine, and midwifery ropes. 2.3.7 After the delivery is completed, after all the birth clothing is discharged, penicillin is injected into the sow to facilitate the recovery of body condition and lactation. 2.3.8 The management of empty sow rearing is the same as in the first trimester. 2.4 Piglets 2.4.1 After the piglets are born, wipe the whole body mucus with a hair, remove the dirt from the mouth and nose with your hands, squeeze the blood in the umbilical cord to the abdomen, cut off the umbilical cord 1 to 2 inches away from the abdomen, and use iodine as the wound. Disinfection. Inject probiotics into the mouth before eating colostrums to artificially help establish beneficial microbial flora in the intestine and reduce occurrence of diarrhea. Then call birth weight, ear number, cut dog teeth, into the piglet insulation bar. 2.4.2 Piglets are born. Eat enough colostrum as soon as possible and manually fix the nipple so that weak piglets can also eat milk. 2.4.3 intramuscular injection of 5% levulose neodymium iron cobalt 2ml/head within 3 days of age, 5 days old injection 0.8 sodium selenite VE solution (0.5 ~ 1) ml / head, 25 days of injection of piglet wounds? The vaccine was injected at the age of 40 days with triple vaccines of swine fever, swine erysipelas, and porcine lung disease. 2.4.4 Strengthen piglet protection: prevent crushed dead, frozen to death and reduce abnormal death. 2.4.5 Early feeding and supplementation: At the age of 10 days, use incense, sweet, brittle, easily digestible foodstuffs and spread into the feeding column to induce food. 15 to 20 days of age, when the piglets start eating, provide feed for digestive 3.3Mcal/kg, crude protein 20%, lysine 1.2%, piglets containing whey powder feed, feed 5 to 6 times a day, supplemented Material 1 times. 2.4.6 Early weaning: Weaned at 28 days of age, fed to the 3rd day old, and transferred to a piglet nursery. 2.5 Growing and finishing pigs 2.5.1 Two stages before and after the weight of 6 а kg points, the early concentrates are free to feed, the dietary digestibility energy is 3.25 Mcal/kg, the crude protein is 18%, and the final concentrates are limited to 3.15 Mcal/kg of digestive energy. Crude protein 16%, when the amount of feed reached 2.5kg to 2.7kg on the same day no longer increase, to control the backfat thickness and improve feed utilization. 2.5.2 During the first half of the last lap of the finishing pigs, insect repellents and injections for crickets, swine erysipelas, swine plague, and paratyphoid vaccine were conducted. 2.5.3 Clean the house twice a day to keep the feed tank free of rancid feed. 2.5.4 In winter, keep warm and keep warm. In the summer, pay attention to heatstroke prevention and mosquito repellent. 2.5.5 Implement reasonable training for pigs, develop regular defecation and urination habits, and keep the house clean.
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