Ginger is an indispensable ingredient in people's lives. It is cultivated in many areas of China. The following small series will talk to you about the points that ginger must do when it wants to produce high yields.
First, choose the right place and soil
Choosing sandy loam, loam, and clay loam with high soil fertility, deep soil layer, good gas permeability, rich organic matter, and strong water retention and fertility require a slightly higher topography, convenient drainage and drainage, and less water accumulation. Ginger Ying Yin, afraid of glare, want to choose the hills on the north slope. At the same time, we must choose fertile loam and avoid sticky soil such as yellow clay. Most of the soil in our county, especially the dry soil, is a sloping land with low fertility and thin soil. Try to choose thicker ploughed soil. When plowing, try to deepen it.
Second, select ginger species to promote early sprouting
Choose ginger plump plump, bright skin color, fresh meat, hard texture, with 1-2 strong buds, weight 50-75 grams, disease-free ginger for ginger. The ginger is immersed and disinfected with 50% carbendazim 500 times before sowing. After the ginger is disinfected, it should be dried for 2-3 days. When the surface of the ginger is bright, it can be stacked, covered with straw for heat preservation and germination, and kept moist. The temperature is controlled at 20~25°C, when the ginger bud grows to 1cm. Seeding is available. In the rotation, special attention should be paid to the clearing of the garden. The roots, stems and leaves of the ginger remaining in the previous year should be completely removed to reduce the source of pests and diseases.
Third, timely sowing, reasonable close planting
Irrigation conditions are good, the temperature is high, and there is no germination, sowing in the horror season; no irrigation conditions and low temperature, and need to germination, sowing before and after the Qingming or Gu Yu. Seeding is carried out, the row spacing is 35~40 cm, the plant spacing is 26~30 cm, the ditch depth is 10-20 cm, and the planting is about 500 kg per mu. Use 15 kg of urea and 25 kg of compound fertilizer as seed fertilizer, and put the fertilizer into the ditch and mix with the soil. Drain the bottom water about 1 hour before sowing to make the soil moist. Place the ginger in the ditch, keep the direction of the young shoots consistent, and gently press it into the mud, and cover the wet soil about 5 cm.
Fourth, a reasonable rotation
Ginger is not suitable for continuous cropping. It is easy to cause ginger rickets, and it is difficult to prevent and control, resulting in reduced production. It is indeed necessary to make crops. The continuous cropping can not exceed two years. Rotating crops cannot choose solanaceae crops such as peppers, and should be rotated for 3-4 years with rice, cruciferous and legume crops. If it is a paddy field, it is best to make a water and dry crop.
V. Strengthening management of cultivating
After the summer solstice, the ginger is taken out, and the ginger can not be taken out, but the removal of the ginger will affect the appearance quality of the newly harvested ginger, and the residual ginger should be cleaned at the time of harvest, and the residual ginger has no value, and the species taken out at this time Ginger also has a certain commodity value, it is recommended to take out ginger. At the same time, we must strengthen the management of cultivating, and the key work is weeding.
Sixth, apply enough base fertilizer, scientific topdressing
Ginger has a long growing season and should adopt the principle of applying enough base fertilizer and multiple topdressing. When preparing the land, the acre uses 3,000 kg of decomposed organic fertilizer and 25 kg of potassium fertilizer as the base fertilizer. When the seedling height is about 30 cm and 1-2 branches, chasing 1 time fertilizer, applying 20 kg of urea per mu, can also be used to pour the seedlings with clear manure; before and after the autumn, 50 kg of compound fertilizer and 25 kg of potassium sulfate are applied. Applying and covering the soil about 15 cm from the base of the plant is conducive to the growth of ginger tubers in the later stage.
Seven, drought prevention and flood control
Drought prevention and flood control, timely soil cultivation: Ginger is not resistant to drought, and is not resistant to cockroaches. It is advisable to keep the soil moist during the growth period. During the high temperature period in summer, it should be timely watered and cooled. It is better to water the water early and late. The rainwater days should eliminate the water in the field in time to reduce the occurrence of ginger. In order to prevent the roots from being exposed to the ground, the epidermis becomes thicker and the quality is deteriorated. It is necessary to carry out the soil cultivation, and generally combines watering and fertilizing for 2 to 3 times of soil, and each soil is about 3 cm.
Eight, pest control
There are not many pests and diseases of ginger, only a small amount of heartworm, ginger mites and ginger rot, rot and spot disease. The prevention and treatment of ginger and ginger plague should be based on prevention. After the onset, it can be controlled by agricultural streptomycin. Some farmers have reported that the effect of penicillin is very good. The rot disease usually starts in July, and the disease is in the peak period from August to September. It is found that the diseased plant is removed in time, the diseased soil is dug, the lime is applied in the diseased hole, and the soil is cleaned with clean sterile soil. In the early stage of the onset of spot disease, spray 50% chlorothalonil 800 times solution, spray once every 7 to 10 days. Pests are mainly borer and ginger, and they are sprayed with foliar sprays such as high-alloyed chlorpyrifos and chlorpyrifos.
The above is the main point of high-yield cultivation techniques of ginger. Farmers who have planted ginger can come to Huinong.com to learn more about ginger cultivation techniques.
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