In the production process, due to the improper application of fertilizers by many farmers, fertilizer damage has caused the quality of crops to deteriorate and yields are reduced. Therefore, sufficient attention should be paid.
Causes of fertilizer damage
One is that the fertilizer concentration is too large. Too much chemical fertilizer is applied at one time or the soil moisture is insufficient after fertilization, resulting in high soil solution concentration and difficulty in absorbing water by crop roots, causing plants to wilt or even die. For example, when the salt concentration in the soil solution reaches 0.3%, it will hinder the absorption of fertilizer and water by vegetables and other crops, and reverse osmosis will occur. The root hair cell protoplasm in the root system will lose water and physiological drought will occur. If the nitrogen fertilizer is excessive, the ammonia volatilizes when it meets the mist droplets in the air and the water droplets on the crop leaves, it will dissolve, forming alkaline fog or small alkaline water droplets, burning the crops, and producing scorched spots on the crops. Excessive application of certain nutrient elements to crops will not only cause toxicity to the crops, but also hinder the absorption of other nutrients by the crops, causing nutrient deficiency. For example, excessive nitrogen application will cause calcium deficiency, excessive nitrate nitrogen will cause molybdenum deficiency and chlorosis, too much potassium will reduce the effectiveness of calcium, magnesium, and boron, and excessive phosphorus will reduce the effectiveness of calcium, zinc, and boron.
The second is the hazards of toxic gases. In some places, the amount of nitrogen fertilizer used is increasing, especially when the volatile nitrogen fertilizer, such as ammonium bicarbonate, ammonia water, etc., is easy to produce ammonia. For example, dry application of ammonium bicarbonate and urea in the production of melon seedbeds or sheds is prone to ammonia volatilization poisoning. This is because ammonium ions are converted into nitrous acid under the action of nitrosating bacteria. The nitrogen dioxide body produced by the gasification of nitrous acid will poison crops. Irregular water-stained patches appear on crop leaves, and the veins of the leaves gradually turn white.
The third is "generating fertilizer" heat damage. Fresh pig and cow manure, chicken and duck manure and green manure are directly applied without decomposition, and the application amount is large. The fertilizer produces organic acid and heat during the decomposition process, which causes the root system of the crop to be injured and fertilizer damage.
The fourth is near-root fertilization. When fertilizing, some people think that the closer the fertilizer is to the root of the crop, the faster the absorption and the better the effect. When fertilizing is often applied next to the root of the crop, the most active root layer of the root is destroyed, weakened or lost. With the ability to fertilize water, crops will have obvious injuries or internal injuries.
Prevention countermeasures
One is to increase the application of organic fertilizers to improve the buffering capacity of the soil. The use of organic colloids absorbs the cations of chemical fertilizers, reduces the concentration of soil solutions, improves the buffering capacity of soil nutrients, and can effectively reduce and avoid fertilizer damage to crops.
The second is to promote deep fertilization throughout the entire layer. Full-layer deep fertilization can make the fertilizer evenly distributed in the entire cultivated layer, and the amount of cations adsorbed by the soil will increase relatively, and the concentration of the soil solution will not rise too high, so as to protect the crop from damage.
The third is not to use "sheng" fertilizer. Dry crops are easy to "burn the roots" when using raw fertilizers, and when using immature green manure, compost, and cake fertilizer in paddy fields, a large amount of toxic substances such as ferrous iron and hydrogen sulfide will be produced during the decomposition process, which will be flower-like suspended matter, which directly or indirectly inhibits The metabolism of rice leads to "staggering" and the formation of rigid seedlings.
The fourth is to limit the application of chemical fertilizers. The amount of chemical fertilizer applied at one time is too large, which is neither scientific nor safe. The amount of chemical fertilizer applied per acre depends on the soil fertility, seedling condition and soil quality. Generally, the application of ammonium bicarbonate per acre should not exceed 60 kg, and ammonium chloride should not exceed 40 kg, urea should not exceed 20 kg. The crops and seedlings that are intolerant to fertilizer should be reduced appropriately, and the sandy soil should "eat less and more meals" to prevent leakage.
Fifth, fertilization at fixed distance points. Application of chemical fertilizers in hole, spot and furrow should not be too close to the roots, and more unreliable root application. Generally shallow root crops and seedlings should be 10~15 cm away from the roots, and deep root crops and medium and large seedlings should be 18~ 25 cm is appropriate, so as not to damage the root system and cause dead seedlings.
Sixth, fertilize seedbeds and protected grounds. In addition to the above fertilization requirements, attention should be paid to opening windows to prevent the accumulation of ammonia, watering properly, keeping the soil moist, reducing the concentration of soil solution, and avoiding excessive concentration. hurt.
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1. Product name:
AKD High Polymer Emulsifier
2. Product introduction:
AKD high polymer emulsifier (instead of traditional cationic starch based) is a kind of cationic polymer product developed by our technical department,which is the initiative developed product in the market.It can not only emulsify AKD Wax,but also proteched the AKD colloid dispersion and aid retention,it also can increase AKD sizing efficiency(2%-8%).It can get the high stability and better fixing effect AKD emulsion by mechanical stirring,in the meantime it greatly decrease AKD hygrolysis during storage and sizing process.Final AKD Emulsion shelf time is about 6 months which is longer than starch emulsified AKD emulsion.The final AKD Emulsion also has quicker curing effect.
3.Specification and Index:
|
Item |
Specification |
|
Appearance |
light yellow viscosity liquid |
|
Solid content |
40%min |
|
Viscosity,mPa.s,25°C |
2000-10000 mPa.s |
|
pH value |
2-5 |
|
shelf life |
6 months |
4. Application:
This Emulsifier greatly restricts the AKD hydrolysis and the migration aptitude.It can replace the starch based emulsifier and AKD Curing Agent,at the same time decrease the AKD WAX using quantity.The final AKD Emulsion by this high polymer emulsifier can realize 80% sizing effect after paper machine,and almost totally realize after rewinding,which can let the paper immediately get the good water resistance effect,so less surface sizing agent in size press can fulfill all the sizing requirement.For detail using method,please contact Greatland Chemicals Co.,Ltd.
5. Package and storage:
It should be stored in the warehouse with dry and cool condition protected from frozen and sunlight directly. The temperature should be below 30°C.
Packing with 200kg, 1000kg/drum.
High Polymer Emulsifier,40% High Polymer Emulsifier,AKD High Polymer Emulsifier,AKD Emulsifying Agent
Shandong Tiancheng Chemical Co., Ltd. , https://www.tianchengchemical.com