Due to the use of organic solvents, the plastic film gravure not only produces a large amount of organic volatiles in the production, but also endangers the health of workers, and the organic matter remaining in the soft packaging brings great hidden dangers to food safety and hygiene. In addition, discarded plastic packaging products cannot be degraded and cause serious pollution to the environment.
In recent years, with the continuous improvement of China's material processing technology, food packaging, seafood packaging, industrial packaging, daily necessities packaging, pharmaceutical packaging, clothing packaging, etc. use a large number of flexible packaging, flexible packaging has become one of the fastest growing industries in China's plastics industry. Domestic soft packaging demand for plastic film is growing at a rate of 9% per year, and the annual growth rate has been maintained at around 15%. In 2007, China's plastic flexible packaging volume was about 4.5 million tons. In addition, China's demand for aseptic soft packaging is relatively large, and there are still many new types of flexible packaging that have not yet been developed. For example, the fresh-keeping packaging and low-temperature storage of fresh meat in China has not yet been popularized, and the industrial chain has not yet been formed. The preservation of vegetables and fruits is almost blank. According to the predictions of relevant departments and experts, in the next 5 to 10 years, China's dairy products, fresh meat, vegetables, juices, beverages and seasoning packaging will have a great development. The best packaging for such products is aseptic packaging. In addition, aseptic soft packaging such as vegetables and alcohol is also to be developed, which indicates that the demand for flexible packaging will increase rapidly. It is estimated that by 2010, the annual demand for various types of plastic flexible packaging film will reach 5.4 million tons.
In January 2008, the State Council promulgated the "Notice of the General Office of the State Council on Restricting the Production, Sale and Use of Plastic Shopping Bags", stipulating that from June 1 this year, the production, sale and use of plastic shopping bags with a thickness less than 0.025 mm will be banned nationwide. This measure is of great significance for the pollution of less thin plastic bag waste. At present, this initiative has been implemented in major cities. The author believes that the countermeasures for pollution caused by plastic flexible packaging printing can also be considered from the following aspects:
1. Actively develop and apply green gravure inks for complex environmental protection requirements
Water-based inks using water as a solvent are world-recognized environmentally friendly inks and the only inks currently approved by the American Food and Drug Association. In the United States, 80% of gravure prints use water-based inks, and other economically developed countries (such as Japan, Germany, France, etc.) use more and more water-based inks in plastic films. Compared with solvent-based gravure printing inks, water-based inks are environmentally safe, consume less ink, and have lower costs. The amount of water-based inks in China is still very small, and the annual demand is about 100,000 tons, but the amount of water-based inks used for packaging and printing products is increasing every year.
The new alcohol-soluble gravure ink uses edible alcohol as solvent, which is safe, non-toxic, environmentally friendly and hygienic. It is an ideal substitute for traditional plastic gravure ink. In the case that the technical conditions of water-based ink are not yet mature, alcohol-soluble ink is used. It is the first choice of many plastic printing manufacturers. Although alcohol-soluble inks use more or less lipids or other types of solvents as diluents, which are not really environmentally friendly inks, it is an important transition from gravure inks to traditional solvent-based inks. product. At present, many companies in China are developing and applying new alcohol-soluble inks.
In addition, uv gravure inks and soy inks are also environmentally friendly inks. At present, uv gravure decorative inks with fast curing speed, good print consistency and thick ink layer have been mass-produced in China, but the high cost of uv gravure ink limits its application in plastic gravure printing. In short, the popularity of low-vocal alcohol-soluble inks and water-based inks in plastic gravure printing will become wider and wider, with broad market prospects.
2. Actively develop and apply degradable green packaging film
Edible packaging films, such as chitosan edible packaging film, corn protein packaging film, modified cellulose edible packaging film and composite edible packaging film, can be used for inner packaging of various foods, such as wrapped candy , padding of sticky cakes, or making casings, fruit coats and capsules. It caters to the trend of fast and convenient modern consumption and has a large market in the food industry.
In recent years, countries around the world have made great progress in the research of edible film, and the application of edible film is more and more extensive. However, the edible film still has the processing property, mechanical strength and protective function compared with plastic film. Inadequacies such as poor cost and high cost.
Degradable film not only has the function and characteristics of traditional plastics, but also can be split and degraded in the natural environment through the action of microorganisms in soil and water or through the action of ultraviolet rays in sunlight after reaching the service life, and finally re-enter the ecology in the form of reduction. In the environment, return to nature. Domestically developed varieties have covered photodegradation, photobiodegradation, photooxidation biodegradation, high starch content biodegradation, high calcium carbonate filled photooxidation, and full biodegradation.
Water-soluble film refers to a film that can be dissolved in water at normal temperature. As a novel green packaging material, it is widely used in the packaging of various products in Europe, America, Japan, etc., such as pesticides, fertilizers, pigments, dyes, cleaning. Agents, water treatment agents, mineral additives, detergents, concrete additives, chemical reagents for photography, and chemical reagents for horticultural care. The water-soluble film has been widely recognized by the developed countries in the world due to its environmental degradation characteristics such as thorough degradation, safe use and convenience. The most soluble water-soluble film is a polyethylene oxide film.
3. Establish a sound and effective recycling system
Recycling of plastic packaging is one of the most active ways to promote the recycling of materials. It is an important means to effectively save raw material resources and energy and reduce the amount of packaging waste. At present, the recycling and reuse of plastic soft packaging wastes in China is very poor, showing a situation in which recycling awareness is not strong, recycling technology is not high, recycling is disconnected, recycling is difficult, and recovery rate is low (less than 5%). Therefore, it is necessary to enhance the recycling awareness of consumers and establish a complete set of effective recycling channels and systems.
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