Summer cut and artificial flower promotion
1. Wipe out the useless buds of the branches in time. Carefully clean up leggy branches and parasitic branches, as well as redundant upright branches, invalid branches in the lower part of the crown, and cross branches in the middle.
2. Take branches and topping. Continue to take the branches, and leave 3-5cm heavy topping for the second and third secondary shoots that germinated due to topping last time to facilitate the formation of flower buds.
3. Ring cutting and thinning. Part of the vigorous trees should be lightly circumcised, and at the same time, some large branches that are too prosperous that shade the light will be removed.
Promote topdressing fruit swelling fertilizer
Late July to late August is an important period, this period is the most effective period of apple nitrogen fertilizer, and the effect of fertilizer application is obvious. Generally speaking, nitrogen fertilizer and phosphate fertilizer are mainly topdressed in this period, and potash fertilizer is appropriately applied. After the rain, use moisture to topdress a quick-acting phosphorus and potassium fertilizer, add humic acid organic fertilizer or silicon-calcium-magnesium-potassium fertilizer, or combine with spraying for foliar spraying.
Pest Control
At this stage, Shaanxi and Gansu have entered the highest temperature season, and high temperature and humidity have caused frequent occurrence of apple diseases and insect pests such as brown spot disease, leaf fall disease and apple heartworm.
1. Main diseases: brown spot disease, spotted leaf disease, anthracnose. For brown spots: Spray Bordeaux mixture or other long-lasting protective fungicides once in June, July, and August, and spray systemic therapeutic agents after rain. If there is a lot of rain, spray the systemic therapeutic agent once between the two protective agents. For anthracnose leaf blight: spray systemic and protective fungicides alternately, once every 5 to 7 days. Taking into account the prevention and treatment of other diseases, it can be mixed with other systemic fungicides when spraying Daisen chemicals. For spotted leaf disease: According to the rainfall, start spraying from 10 to 15 days after the flower falls, spraying 3 to 5 times, with an interval of 15 to 20 days. Polyoxin and Protexine can be used and mixed with Guobao to achieve good results.
2. Main pests: apple leaf miner, apple leaf miner. Set up black light trap lamps, yellow trap plates, and lepidopteran pest trap cores to trap and kill pests. When leaf rollers and boat-shaped caterpillars are less harmful, they can be manually removed or killed. After the apples are bagged, spray insecticide once every 20 days or so as appropriate. According to the occurrence of pests, imidacloprid, chlorpyrifos, chlorpyrifos, etc. can be used.
Weeding
Waterlogging drainage: In this period, a typhoon landed and rainfall was frequent in most areas. Some fruit farmers only paid attention to irrigation and ignored the misunderstanding of drainage. This has a certain impact on the quality of apple growth.
Flat-land orchards can be managed by "ridged cultivation", that is, 10 cm of surface soil pressure is taken from between rows to the inside of the rows, so that there is a height difference of about 20 cm between the rows and the ground in the rows to avoid waterlogging and root diseases. For waterlogged plants, the rhizomes should be ground up and air-dried to help the root system recover its function as soon as possible.
Weeding: As weeds are extremely lush during this period, the lush green grass in the garden, outside the yard, and roadsides can be mowed. For orchards that have implemented artificial or natural grass growth, they should be mowed in time when the grass grows to 20-30 cm.
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