The main pests of Hengshui walnut trees in Hebei Province include walnuts, moths, white-spotted beetles, walnuts, small cockroaches, larvae, and moths. These pests will endanger the growth stages of walnuts, resulting in reduced walnut yield. The characteristics and control measures of these pests are described below.
1 Occurrence and prevention of major pests of walnut
1.1 Walnut Lifting Moth
(1) Occurrence characteristics: It is mainly harmful to the fruit. After the larva breaks into the fruit, it will cause damage in the epidermis. The skin of the victim will turn black and gradually sag, shrinking and forming black fruit. The insect occurs 1 to 2 generations per year, early June. It is harmful to the fruit in late August.
(2) Control method: remove the dead branches and fallen leaves under the tree before winter, and burn it intensively; spray 25% phoxim microcapsules on the ground 50 g/strain; remove the insects and remove the larvae before the fruit is removed; 6 In July, spray 10 times of 10% beta-cypermethrin EC 1000 times on the tree, or spray 10 times 10% imidacloprid wettable powder 3000~4000 times.
1.2 Cloud Spotted Beef
(1) Occurrence characteristics: The worm is damaged by the larvae or the thicker backbone branches. The newly hatched larvae are first eaten in the cortex, and then transferred to the xylem of the xylem. The defecation orifice has obvious sawdust-like excrement. The worm has a generation in 2 to 3 years, and activities begin in the second half of April, and adults appear in early June to mid-August, and in late June.
(2) Control method: the adult tree is painted white before spawning; the adult is trapped by black light or artificially killed; the adult lays off the eggs and larvae in the crescent-shaped spawning groove of the trunk; % dichlorvos emulsifiable concentrate 10 times liquid is inserted into the wormhole, and the wormhole is sealed with wet soil.
1.3 Walnut Small Gypsophila
(1) Occurrence characteristics: The larvae feed on larvae for 2 to 3 years, and the newly hatched larvae are invaded into the epidermis. Later, as the worms increase, they invade between the cortex and the xylem. The leaves on the damaged branches are yellow and early. Fall, the second year of spring dry. The worm grows once a year, and the larvae overwinter in the 2 to 3 year old stalks. The overwintering larvae begin to sputum in mid-May, and the phlegm peak is in June and July is the adult occurrence and spawning period.
(2) Control methods: strengthen management, improve tree potential, and promote the vigorous growth of trees; before harvesting, before defoliation, before germination until adult emergence, cut off weak branches, yellow leaves, dead branches and burned in the tree; From July to August, apply 80% dichlorvos emulsifiable concentrate 10 times solution to the ventilating hole of the larva; combined with the control of the walnut limb moth, the tree sprayed 10% beta-cypermethrin emulsifiable concentrate 1000-1500 times.
1.4 Spike Moth
(1) Occurrence characteristics: The main moth pests are yellow thorn moth, brown thorn moth, brown thorn moth, and flat thorn moth, mainly larvae damage the leaves.
(2) Control method: use black light to trap adult insects; artificially remove or crush the overwintering insects on the tree and at the base of the trunk; spray 10% beta-cypermethrin emulsifiable concentrate 1000-1500 times liquid, or 10% imidacloprid wettable powder 3000~ in larval stage 4000 times liquid.
1.5 Daqingye
(1) Occurrence characteristics: It is mainly harmful to branches, and when it is severe, it causes the branches to dry during wintering.
(2) Control method: Before the frost in autumn, spray pyrethroid pesticides on trees, under trees and surrounding weeds for 1 or 2 times.
2 Integrated control technology
2.1 black light trap
In the walnut garden, a 1 ç› frequency oscillating black light lamp is set every 150m to trap the phototaxis of the chafer and the moth.
2.2 Human obstruction
In the early spring, the shells are coated with shellac to prevent pests such as grasshoppers from flying.
2.3 Qingyuan
After the walnut leaves, the garden will be thoroughly cleared, and the pests, litter and fruit falling in the garden will be taken out of the garden to be burned or buried to reduce the source of insects.
2.4 Chemical control
For lepidopteran larvae such as moths and gypsy moths, biological agents such as chlorfenapyr and matrine are used for prevention and treatment.
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