Compared to experienced growers, novice growers often buy fake seeds when they buy seeds. Once the fake seeds are purchased, the labor operation rate will be increased, the planting cost will increase, and the quality of the fake seeds will be poor, which will seriously affect the harvest. So how do we avoid buying fake seeds? The following small series will bring you together to find out how to identify true and false seeds.
1. What kind of seeds belong to fake seeds?
Counterfeit and shoddy seeds mainly have the following conditions: seeds that are not seeds are pretending to be seeds, one seed is impersonating other seeds, seed label information is missing or inconsistent, seed quality indicators fail to meet national seed standards, and seeds that have deteriorated are good. The seeds are sold and the expired seeds are sold. The moisture content, impurity rate and weed rate of the seeds exceed the national standards. The germination rate of the seeds is lower than the national standard. The seeds are quarantined by the state (including harmful organisms). .
For example, the A-type seed is marked on the bag, and the B-seed is contained in the bag. The two seeds have great differences in their characteristics. For example, if the commodity grain is pretending to be seed sales, the seed germination rate will be very low. Furthermore, it is a problem of treating seeds that have failed in hybridization or seeds that have undergone mildew as normal seed sales. These kinds of seeds are all low-quality counterfeit and shoddy seeds. When farmers buy and use them, they will be deceived and suffer serious losses.
Second, how to distinguish between true and false seeds, will not be deceived?
1. First check the qualifications of the sales seed farmer's shop
At this point, it is mainly to check whether the seed shop has a complete industrial and commercial license, whether it has the “Crop Seed Management License†issued by the county and municipal agricultural bureaus, and the documents are generally posted in the store. A farmer's shop with formal procedures can do seed sales according to law. The seeds sold are guaranteed by quality. If there are no seed business licenses and they are illegal seed sales, then the seeds of this store should not be purchased.
2. Carefully check the label information of the seed outer bag
Mainly depends on whether the label information is complete and whether it is in compliance with the standard. The crop seeds sold on the agricultural materials market must be marked with relevant information on the outer packaging. The contents must be marked as follows: crop type, variety name, seed type, net content, production date, quality index. The name, specific address, contact information, seed business license number, quarantine certificate number, and, if it is the main crop seed, the production license number and variety identification number of the seed, and if it is genetically modified Seeds must have a genetically modified logo. All of the above are the contents that the seed information must be labeled. If the label content of the seed label is inconsistent, or the label is not complete (or missing), then the seed may have problems, so you must not buy it. For example, high-purity seeds can achieve 99% accuracy and moisture content no more than 8%.
3. Pay special attention to whether the seed categories indicated on the production license are consistent with the issuing authority.
This is also an important way to identify the pros and cons of the seeds. The production license issuance departments of different types of seeds are different. The seed categories of different grades are inconsistent with the certification institutions. If the certification authority is issued by ultra vires, such seed production licenses are not only invalid, but the seeds may also have major problems. You must not buy.
At present, the Ministry of Agriculture is the organization that audits the issuance of GM seed production licenses. The provincial agricultural authorities are the institutions that review the hybrids and parent seeds of the main crops, and the seed production licenses of the conventional seed, while the main crops are planted in the field. The conventional seeds used are generally reviewed and approved by the agricultural administrative department at or above the county level.
It may be difficult to understand the above contents simply. Here are a few examples: For example, genetically modified seeds sold by agricultural materials stores. If the issuing authority for label production license is a provincial agricultural department, then the species is uncertified. The fake species produced; for example, a certain kind of seed packaging label is a hybrid species, which is a production license issued by a county or a city agricultural bureau, and this species is also a fake seed of unlicensed production.
4. Pay attention to the introduction of seed varieties and instructions
Regular, good quality brand seeds, there are seed instructions and variety profiles, the above will be a clear description of the appropriate plant species, variety characteristics, sowing methods, sowing dosage. If a seed sold in a farmer's shop does not have a seed specification and a variety profile, then it means that the seed may have problems, so don't buy it.
5. How to judge the quality of seeds through the appearance of seeds?
(1) The basic standard of high-quality seeds: the grain size is the same, the appearance is neat, full and full, the color is fresh and consistent, the color is fresh and full, the bumps and wrinkles are in the same position, no diseased kernels, no broken kernels.
(2) The performance of inferior seeds: the grain size is different, the appearance is uneven, the grain color is very different, and the grain is dry, dull and dull.
In addition, in general, full and bright, full-bodied seeds are new seeds with high activity and strong vitality. For those whose outer skin or color is dark brown, the seeds are dry and dull, and the embryos are dark, most of them are more active. Low inferior seeds may also be seeds that have been aged or have been subjected to freezing.
For the seeds in the home, you can also check the quality of the water, put the seeds in the clear water, the high quality seeds will sink, and the inferior seeds will float on the water. If it is not easy to distinguish, you can also add the right amount in the water. Salt, forcing inferior seeds to the surface, is one of the common methods of seed selection before sowing.
The above is some methods to identify the true and false seeds. It is recommended that the majority of growers do not want to be cheap when buying seeds, and do not blindly try new varieties. You can consult with experienced growers to pay attention to the purchase of seeds. Of course, there are also local Choose the right variety for environmental conditions.
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