Every year when the spring plum blossoms are dying, it is the day when cherry blossoms are delivered to other places. The bright and colorful flowers make it extraordinarily gorgeous, and the people who admire cherry blossoms are enchanted by the sea of ​​flowers. Sakura is a world-famous flower and tree, and our country is one of the main origins of cherry blossoms. As early as the Qin and Han Dynasties, cherry cultivation had been applied to palaces, and it was commonly seen in private family gardens during the Tang Dynasty. However, in ancient China, cherry blossoms and cherries were inseparable. This has caused some inconvenience for people to study the cultivation history of cherry blossoms today. However, from the relevant literature, we can still see the contents of cherry blossoms. During the Song Dynasty of the Southern Dynasties, Wang Xiaoda (423-458) had a poem saying: "When the first cherry blossoms move, the algae's Huifang grows. The lotus leaf hasn't opened its buds and the red flower has glowed." After flowering, the flower is red and the young leaf is light yellow. This is definitely the special product of China's Bell Blossom Cherry (also known as Fujian Shan Ying). Shen Yue (441-413) had a cloud of poems saying: "The wild pheasants will not open and the cherry blossoms will show off." From the flowering point of view, this sakura should be cherry blossoms instead of cherries. Tang Baijuyi’s poem says: “I also know that the official residence is not my house, and the deletion of the cherry trees is full of plants. There are five more exams in the past and less should be spent in four.†The poet clearly stated that the poets dived wild from the mountains. Hill cherry is planted in the courtyard. There are also poems about the "small garden new red cherry tree. Tang Wurong scolded in "Buy Flowers and Cherries": "Pink is light and bright, new makeup, and Luhe and smoke are close to each other. If there is love and hate, it will be two springs a year." Although the poem is said to be Flowers cherry, but as described in the poem, I think it is more like cherry blossoms. Xiao Yingshi said in "The Cut Cherry Fu": "There are big cherry trees..." The cherry trees are mostly shrubs or small trees. The "cherry high" cherry is probably a large cherry blossom. Song Wang Anshi has a poem saying: "Yam Sakura has a pine tree branch with a shade of stone, and it is the latest when it is more than Yu Huafa. Lai has a spring breeze who is so lonely and blowing incense and water is known to the public." Both the pine branch and the cherry tree must be tall, plus the flowering period. Later, it is undoubtedly cherry blossoms instead of cherries. Former Qiang Wei Zhuang "thinking" poem: "Sakura is still cooked on the shore, red, green, back to Ting grass and Fang." The poet may be a weeping cherry. In the Song dynasty of the county of Chengdu, He Geng gave a more detailed description of the weeping cherry. He wrote in "King Ying Fu": "Yu Cheng-Chou is a Chengdu county magistrate, and the official residence is in the east of Zhai Zhai. There are cherry tree storks. It’s a little, but it’s familiar, bright and cute, and it’s hard to eat, although the bird bird also abandoned it.†Another way is to start the official residence of the rest of the family, and hope that the tree is strange, and the article is spread out and covered with overcast and more than enough.†The “big and small†described here, and the indebted ones are by no means cherries, they must be cherry blossoms, and the “overwhelming and swaying down,†further proves that this cherry is a weeping cherry. Qing Chen?? Zi in the "glasses" mentioned in the cherry "open the beginning of spring white flowers, knots Zhu, purple, wax three colors, there are Chiba, in fact, less." The fruit of the cherry is red, or light yellow when it is first ripe, but no purple or yellow is present. The purple, yellow fruit should be the fruit of the cherry. In addition, there is no cherry "Chiba", this "Chiba" double-cherry cherry should be a white double-petal cherry, Qing Wuqi "plant name real map test", recorded: "Dong Haiyu, born in Yunnan mountains... In the beginning of the winter, red flowers are opened, and the petals are long and round, with a lack in one, and the green heart is prominent in the medlar, which is not the same as those of jellyfish and cherries.The spring knot is red, and the size is the same. "This winter sea stalks are winter cherry blossoms, and there are still many places in Shiping, Jianshui and Yuanjiang in southern Yunnan. The wild winter cherry blossoms are as high as 15 meters, and the flowering period of producing areas is mid-to-late December, which is about one week earlier than the plum blossoms in the producing areas. As for the word “cherry blossomâ€, it was first seen in the poem of Tang Li Shangyin: “Where is the mourning zither along with the rush tube, and cherry blossoms are along the lane of the dynasty.†There are also poets who have repeatedly mentioned that if the Yuan dynasty Guoyi has “willow green, "Sakura snow does not dry," Ming Yu Ruoyu has a "Sound of fine rain in March, cherry blossoms suspected apricot flower" and other verses. From the above materials, it can be seen that there are indeed cherry blossoms such as bellflower, weeping cherry, winter seaweed, mountain cherry, and double white cherry. There are more than 50 species of wild cherry blossoms in the world, with China accounting for about 38, followed by Japan, North Korea, Myanmar, Bhutan, and Sikkim. However, the cultivation of cherry blossoms in Japan is no doubt. Although cherry blossoms were planted in Japan for only 1,000 years, the widespread planting and replacement of plum blossoms into the representative flowers of the Japanese nation was only in the Heian Period (1151-1192). Therefore, Japanese scholars believe that "Sakura was introduced from China. When plum was brought to Japan". As the cherry blossoms were warm and colorful, and after a short break, the "magic" spirit of ending life was deeply loved by the Japanese people. Therefore, in the following several hundred years, cherry blossoms have been widely appreciated in Japan and many excellent varieties have been cultivated and screened. There are many cherry blossom varieties whose names are as interesting as flowers. For example, when the variety is called "a leaf," the cherry blossoms have a green leafy pistil, and after flowering, it develops into a leaf. The cherry blossom "Paiyoshi" is a pink flower when it was first opened, and its flowers are dense and dwarf. Such as a shy girl, it is even more surprising that there are two green pistils in its flower center, which resembles the nose of the elephant the Buddha took. , so named. "Eight-colored red branches", as the name suggests, is a red double-leaf weeping cherry tree. Its bright flowers are hung on a vaulted branch. "Yanyi Huang" is famous for its special colors. Its green petals are light yellow and it is rare and rare. "Sakura Sakura" is named because its sepals are dissimilated into standard leaf shapes. "Tokyo Sakura" is the first flower to the back, and it is full of flowers and flowers. As the sky is floating, it's beautiful. Such a large number of cherry blossom varieties are far more in bloom and can be purchased in near future. It's no wonder some people say that it is hard to see the cherry blossoms as a spring. The beloved Premier Zhou Enlai, when he was studying in Japan, once wrote in his poem: “Everything in the green has a cluster of cherries, which are light and delicate, and provoke people to be enthralled. The natural beauty is not artificial and unrestrained.†During the rain, they toured Yushan twice and the two sides of the bank were loose and covered with a few cherry trees.... The rain was thick and cloudy, and the first line of sunlight struck through the clouds and the more we saw it. “The old man of Bing Xin once wrote “Sakura†for several generations. Immersive and immersive. Today, cherry blossoms are planted not only in Japan, but also in many parts of the world, such as the Royal Botanic Garden in London, England, the Timber Tree Country in Hamburg, Germany, the United States Department of Agriculture, and Harvard Arnold Arboretum. There are cherry blossoms everywhere in the gardens, plants, colleges and universities throughout China, and there are many famous cherry blossom viewing destinations. Wuxi Taihu Tau Tau Estate scenic spot, beautiful scenery, beautiful scenery, the thirty years, where the cherry blossoms are well-known. Now, every year before and after Ching Ming, the cherry blossoms on the banks of the Changchun Bridge look like clouds, such as brocades, and they look almost like jade beads, crystal clear, pink and pleasant. In the rippling blue waters of the lake, the flowers are in full bloom and the waves are fragrant. In the breeze of spring, the colorfulness of the flowers makes people fully appreciate the charm of spring. It is truly intoxicating and the cherry blossoms must be visited. At the top of the Donghua Moshan Cherry Blossom Garden in Wuhan, there is a round pavilion called "78 Cherry Blossom Pavilion". At the beginning, 78 trees were planted. These cherry blossoms were given to Deng Yingchao by former Japanese Prime Minister Tanaka Jiaorong to express his respect for Premier Zhou. The 78 cherry blossom pavilion was named to commemorate the 78th anniversary of the birth of Premier Zhou and China and Japan. The signing of the friendship treaty in 1978. The Tokyo cherry blossoms donated by the former Prime Minister of Japan are not only in Wuhan, but also in Jilin Park in Nanjing. In addition, Zhongshan Park in Qingdao, Xuanwu Lake in Nanjing, Sun Yat-Sang Mausoleum, Yuyuan Lake in Beijing, Yuantong Mountain in Kunming, Prince Bay in Hangzhou, Longwangtang in Lvshun in Liaoning, and Wuhan University campus are all good places for people to enjoy the cherry blossoms. Like Japan's Mt. Fuji, Japan’s cherry blossoms have become a symbol of Japan’s country. Wherever the Japanese people go, they often give gifts to their friends or friends. For example, in the 1950’s, Japan gave a gift to Sakura as a gift to Myanmar. , Philippines, India, Spain, Brazil, Mexico, Canada and other countries. The cherry blossoms that are widely cultivated in our country are initially introduced from Japan. In the old China, Japanese cherry blossoms were planted in the lease areas in Hangzhou and Qingdao and in the Shanghai concession. After the Russo-Japanese War (1904), the Japanese planted Japanese cherry blossoms in Dalian, Lushun, and Shenyang in China. After the completion of the Zhongshan cemetery in 1929, Japan presented a batch of cherry blossoms planted on the northeast slope of Meihua Mountain. After the liberation, especially since the resumption of diplomatic ties between China and Japan in 1972, the Japanese Prime Minister and the people repeatedly gave flowers to China as a gift. For example, in the autumn of 1972, Japanese Prime Minister Tanaka Tanaka gave 1,000 Chinese daisies, 900 plants in Beijing, and 100 museums in Meiyuan New Village, a place where Zhou Enlai lived and fought. In November 1973, Hokkaido, Japan presented another 388 Sakura cherry blossoms. In 1977, the Japanese peasants' friendly visit to China gave 100 Nanjing flowers to Nanjing and were planted in Xuanwu Lake and other places. In 1979, Daping Zhengfang presented Fu Han Ying and Sun Cherry in Nanjing. In the 1980s, exchanges between all walks of life in the two countries have become more frequent. Prof. Lin Mirong of the former Tokyo Agricultural University in Japan, as well as horticultural specialists Shiraishi Ishii and Tachikawa Cheung, have also presented a batch of Tokyo Sakura and Four Seasons Sakura to Nanjing. Other cities in China have also had more exchanges with Japan. Through exchanges, many cherry varieties have been introduced and a number of cherry blossom special parks have been built. Today, cherry blossoms have become a witness to the friendly exchanges between the two peoples. There are many types of wild cherry blossoms in China. They are distributed from south to north. There are cherry blossoms, cherry blossoms, black cherry blossoms in Heilongjiang, cherry blossoms in Zhejiang, cherry blossoms in Huazhong in Hubei, cherry blossoms in Fujian, Taiwan, and winter sea in Yunnan and Sichuan. A variety of cherry blossoms. Nowadays, at the Baohua Mountain and Kongqing Mountain near Nanjing, there are as many as 15 to 7 meters of wild cherry blossoms with a breast diameter of 25 to 0 centimeters. When the flowers bloom in April, these clusters of cherry blossoms are like clouds hanging over the mountains. For spectacular. However, most of these precious resources have so far been in the mountains, not to mention breeding applications. Therefore, it is an urgent task for gardeners to develop and use wild cherry blossom resources. The number of cherry blossoms is the highest in Japan, reaching several hundred, and the research is also deep. The cultivation of Japanese cherry blossoms in our country has a history of more than a hundred years. In Zhejiang Fenghua, the reproduction of cherry blossoms was also more than 60 years. However, there are misunderstandings in the production of cherry blossoms. Many producers do not understand cherry blossoms and think that Japanese cherry blossoms are only one or two species, resulting in a large number of cherry blossom varieties. In breeding applications, many cherry varieties with higher ornamental value have become "rare and endangered plants", and some have disappeared. "Sakura cherry blossoms" and "wrinkled chrysanthemums" have disappeared in Nanjing. It is a pity that cherry blossoms have become an important spring flower and color tree species in China. There is a large demand for cherry seedlings, but monotonous supply of varieties Can not meet the needs of the market. As the variety is single, it gives the impression that the cherry blossoms are bright and go in a hurry. In fact, there are dozens of domestic varieties of cherry blossoms. These varieties were opened as early as early March, and late as late as mid-April. If these different varieties of cherry blossoms are properly matched, the entire flowering period can last for about 50 days. It will never come any more, but it will also be a hurry. If there is a hurry, then people will have more opportunities to appreciate the cherry blossoms. Sakura is a deciduous tree belonging to the genus Rosaceae. Its adaptability is strong, hi Yang, drought-tolerant, but the root system is shallow, it is not resistant to dust, avoid water, and it should plant dry and sunny place. Propagation is mainly grafted and can also be inserted and sown. Grafting was based on grass cherry, cherry, peach, apricot and other rootstock, cut in the spring in March or belly joint in September and August. No special management is required for cultivation, but cherry blossoms are sensitive to dichlorvos and should be avoided. Sakura is usually not trimmed too much. There is a saying in Japan: "The cherry blossoms are stupid, and those who don't cut plum blossoms are also stupid." This explains this point. At present, the diseases and pests of cherry trees cultivated in the country are relatively serious and directly affect the lifespan of cherry blossoms. According to reports, there are more than 30 species of pests that damage cherry trees in Nanjing, and the most important insect pests in the region are Red-necked hornbill, Stardust and Anoplophora glabripennis. Due to sparse control in recent years, the density of insect populations has increased, which has seriously threatened the healthy growth of cherry blossoms. These pests are the direct cause of the debilitating death of many cherry trees such as Tokyo Sakura which were planted in the 1970s. In the disease, root cancer is another devastating killer of cherry blossoms. The germs are mainly transmitted by rainwater and irrigation water. Underground pests, nematodes and grafting tools all have certain transmission effects. In the early stage of seedling disease, some symptoms were not obvious on the ground. With the increase of tumors, the development of the aboveground parts became more and more obstructed, resulting in slow growth, debilitating tree vigor, severe yellowing of leaves, and early fall until the whole plant died. After the flood of Nanjing Park in 1991, more than 380 Sakura trees were successively killed. The root cause was the loss of tree vigor caused by root cancer, and it was lost to short-term waterlogging. There is no good medicine for the prevention and treatment of root cancer. The best way is to improve the quality of the seedlings and prevent the introduction of diseased plants. After the death of the Sakura Strain, there are residual pathogens in the field, and in-situ replanting should be avoided within two years. For doubtful seedlings, use 70% thiophanate-methyl 400 times for root immersion for 30 minutes, or immersed in 1% copper sulphate for 5 minutes, then rinse with water and plant. In addition, planting cherry must be selected for dry drainage. Land to reduce the chance of getting sick. The cherry blossom tree posture is free and easy. When it blooms, it is like a eucalyptus tree. It is very spectacular. Therefore, people often plant it in front of a building, beside a lawn, on a hillside, or beside a pond. It is very suitable for solitary planting and planting. Summer cherry blossoms with luxuriant foliage and covered trees are also beautiful and graceful as the scenic trees or roadside trees on the secondary roads. Sakura is still a good cut flower, flower branches can be maintained for nearly half a month. Japanese people not only love its flowers, its leaves are also very popular food packaging materials.
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