Over the years, the increase in China's grain yield has relied too much on the large investment in chemical fertilizers. The problems of “heavy phosphate fertilizer, nitrogenous fertilizer, less potassium fertilizer, lack of organic fertilizer, and low fertilizer utilization rate†are common. To ensure corn yield and income increase, experts fertilize corn production. The following guidance is provided by the technology:
First, the principle of fertilization 1, the application of organic fertilizer, fertility and fertility, combined with nutrition. Multi-channel expansion of fertilizer sources, through the application of farmyard manure, straw returning, planting green manure and deep pine and other measures, strengthen farmland fertilization, improve soil structure and fertilization capacity, increase fertilizer utilization and gradually reduce fertilizer application. Combined with land preparation, 20-30 tons of organic fertilizer per hectare. 2. According to the characteristics of corn fertilizer, promote the soil testing and formula fertilization technology. According to the different soil fertility and yield targets, determine the application rates of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizers, and increase the application of fertilizers, organic fertilizers and chemical fertilizers, nitrogen fertilizers, and other methods to fully utilize fertilizers, especially organic fertilizers and phosphate fertilizers. Effect, improve fertilizer utilization, while avoiding physiological fertility caused by blind fertilization and excessive fertilization. In the case where the soil activity P is greater than 30 mg/kg, the input of phosphorus and potassium fertilizer may be reduced as appropriate. 3. Improve the structure of fertilizer varieties and improve the quality of fertilizers. Nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium combined application, organic and inorganic combination, trace element coordination; phase out low concentration of volatile ammonium bicarbonate, promote long-acting ammonium bicarbonate and compound special fertilizer; accelerate new long-acting varieties such as envelope and controlled release fertilizer, Improve fertilizer utilization efficiency. The requirements for nutrient ratio and quantity are different in different periods of corn. It is necessary to pay attention to the use of single fertilizer. 4. Strengthen the implementation of comprehensive measures for efficient use of fertilizers. Using chemical fertilizer deep application technology, seed and fertilizer isolation, avoid burning seeds and young roots, affecting emergence. Take measures such as mulching and early strengthening of cultivating to increase soil temperature, and adopt agronomic measures such as deep pine, fully release and use soil phosphorus and other resources to promote phosphorus absorption. The combination of agricultural machinery and agronomy promotes water-saving irrigation and its associated fertilization technology to ensure that the fertilization amount, fertilization site and fertilization method specified in agronomic techniques can be implemented with high quality. Second, the fertilization technology uses the combination of base fertilizer - seed fertilizer - top dressing, to achieve deep pine fertilization, seed fertilizer isolation and divided fertilization. Fertilization techniques should be combined with drought-resistant measures under severe conditions of spring drought this year. 1. Base fertilizer: The bottom fertilizer should be applied during ridge cutting. The depth of fertilization should be 8-10 cm below the seed. 20% of nitrogen fertilizer, 80% of phosphate fertilizer and potassium fertilizer, and other fertilizers such as organic fertilizer and long-acting ammonium bicarbonate can be used as base fertilizer. Add organic fertilizer or farmyard manure to make up for the shortage of phosphorus and potassium fertilizer application. 2. Fertilizer: The seed fertilizer should be applied at the time of sowing. The depth of fertilization should be 3-5 cm below the seed, 5% of the nitrogen fertilizer, 20% of the phosphate fertilizer and the potassium fertilizer, and the new high-fat film 800 should be sprayed in time. Double liquid protection, water-proof evaporation, sun-proof and drought-resistant, heat preservation and anti-freezing, anti-soil layering, suffocation and isolation of pests and diseases, and increase the emergence rate. 3, top dressing: quick-acting nitrogen fertilizer should be applied in the big bell mouth period, the depth of fertilization should reach 8-10 cm, and cover the soil, the amount of fertilizer is about 75% of the total available nitrogen fertilizer. At the same time, in the corn booting stage, Zhuangsuiling is applied to strengthen the physiological functions of crops, improve the quality of pollination, fertilization and grouting, and increase the 1000-grain weight. 4, foliar fertilizer: according to the growth and development of the plant, timely foliar spray fertilizer. If the amount of phosphate fertilizer in the seed fertilizer is small, the potassium dihydrogen phosphate can be sprayed later, and after 300 g of potassium dihydrogen phosphate plus 100 kg of water is fully dissolved, the new high-fat film 800 times solution is sprayed together, and the zinc-deficient land is available. 0.1-0.2% zinc sulfate with a small amount of lime liquid and sprayed.
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