Release date: 2016-04-26
Human PDAC tumors shows co-expression of CXCL1 (red) and CK19 (green; a marker of PADC) by confocal microscopy.
The most aggressive pancreatic cancer is often considered one of the most difficult to diagnose and treat. A recent study published in the journal Nature found that such cancers "grow" in the presence of adjacent tumor cells and undergo a special form of cell death.
By studying a mouse model of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC), scientists at New York University found that necroptosis actually induces the production of a small protein, CXCL1, that drives the growth of PDAC tumor cells. Dr. George Miller, co-author of the study, said: "Our study demonstrates for the first time that cancer cell death through necroptosis can promote tumor growth. Equally important, this finding may also be associated with other tumor types."
The known role of CXCL1 is to attract specific immunosuppressive cells, tumor-associated macrophages, whose function is to reduce the ability of the human immune system to recognize and destroy cancer cells. The team further found that only necroptosis-induced CXCL1 is not sufficient to build a protective environment for tumor cells. The dying tumor cells also release another protein called SAP130 that binds to the receptor Mincle on the cell membrane of inflammatory immune cells in the tumor environment. Studies have shown that activation of Mincle can accelerate tumor formation in mice.
Scientists believe that this study suggests that necroptosis and Mincle signaling pathways can provide new targets for the development of potential anticancer drugs. Inhibition of these pathways reverses immunosuppression and enables anti-cancer T lymphocytes to attack tumors. Gregor Werba, co-first author of the study, said: "In the initial study, inhibition of necroptosis in PDAC cells increased their ability to grow in tissue culture. However, when the same method was performed in mice, we were amazed The opposite result was found, which may be related to the immune response of cells surrounding the tumor."
Based on this result, Dr. Miller and his team are working with Dr. Dierdre Cohen of the Perlmutter Cancer Center to develop the anti-cancer potential of a compound that inhibits necroptosis and the potential to be combined with other immunotherapies.
Cancer cells "cheat" healthy cells
As one of the most difficult malignant tumors to overcome, pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma seems to have many unique "self-protection" mechanisms. In a study published in the journal Cell, scientists have discovered that cancer cells use mutated genes to force neighboring healthy tissues to help them grow and spread. Healthy cells are "spoofed" to release unique growth signals that cancer cells proliferate, but they do not secrete these signals themselves.
Previous studies have shown that the KRAS gene is frequently mutated in cancer, and its incorrect version has a very important impact on healthy tissues. In this new study, scientists investigated the communication networks in different pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma cells, analyzed thousands of different growth factors, proteins, and receptors, and found another key role for mutant KRAS that would be healthy. Stromal cells become "allies" of cancer cells.
Dr. Christopher J. Tape, the first author of the paper, said: "Our research shows that cancer cells do not alone drive the growth and spread of tumors, but also trick healthy neighbors into helping them. Some healthy stromal cells and even excess cancer in pancreatic tumors. Cells. This result opens up possibilities for opening up new therapies."
Source: Bio-Exploration
Intubating stylet
The guide stylet could be packed and sold together with Endotracheal tube Intubation, or Reinforced Endotracheal Tube accordingly.
The Intubating stylet provides a positive aid to intubation.
Flexible plastic coated stylet designed to assist in the introduction of the ET Tube on the more difficult patients.
Allow the ET tube to be directed more easily for the difficult intubation.
1. made from PVC and aluminum in medical grade, consists of PVC outer sleeving.
2. 100% latex free
3. Peelable pouch
4. Sterile by EO, single use
Intubation Stylet,Guide Wire,Flexible Tracheal Tube Stylet,ETT Intubationg Stylet
Hangzhou Trifanz Medical Device Co., Ltd , https://www.cfzmeds.com