In the process of tomato planting, it is necessary to pruning the whole branch. Many growers have problems such as excessive pruning, removal of side buds by hand, improper treatment of sick branches, and early removal of lower leaves. These erroneous methods not only affect the growth of tomatoes, but also affect yield and quality. Now I will explain the misunderstandings that will occur during the pruning process and propose effective solutions.
Misunderstanding 1: Postpone the pruning time
The growth of tomato in the vine-growing period is very strong, and the branching ability is very strong. Almost every leaf blade of the leaf can extract the side branches, causing the branches and leaves to be clustered, the plant shape is disordered, and the ventilation and light transmission are poor. At the same time, the excessive growth of the branches and leaves will consume a lot of nutrients. Causes falling flowers and fruit and affects fruit growth.
Misunderstanding 2: Remove the side branches directly by hand, resulting in irregular wounds and damaged stems
The epidermis of tomato stems is a protective tissue that blocks the invasion of pests and diseases. If the side branches are removed by hand, the collateral wounds will be irregular and the stalk epidermis will not be easily healed. When the humidity is high, it is easy to infect gray mold, disease and other diseases.
Misunderstanding 3: The removed side branches and sick branches did not bring out the field centralized treatment
The side branches of tomato have a fast growth rate and a high frequency of pruning. If some planters delay the pruning, the pruning workload is large, and the side branches or sick branches are placed directly in the ridge channel during the pruning. In addition to increasing the humidity in the field, the removal of the side branches and the residual branches is more conducive to the propagation and spread of the pathogens, resulting in further aggravation of the disease.
Myth 4: Remove all the leaves from the first part of the fruit in the first batch
In order to reduce the chance of disease in the old leaves, some growers increased the ventilation and light transmission in the greenhouse. When the first batch of flowers bloomed, all the normal leaves in the lower part of the inflorescence were removed. In addition to the root supply, the nutrients required for the first flowering of the tomato and the expansion of the fruit are also provided by the photosynthesis of the upper and lower leaves of the inflorescence. If the leaves of the lower part of the flower are removed prematurely, the fruit setting rate will decrease and the fruit will be reduced. Growth is blocked and easy to form a stiff fruit.
Solution:
1. Reasonable determination of pruning time: In the tomato producing area of ​​Miyi County, Sichuan Province, the single pruning method is adopted, and the first pruning is carried out when the side branch adjacent to the lower part of the first moss inflorescence grows to 5-6 cm. All side branches below the inflorescence; after the first pruning, the lateral branches growing at the upper leaf axils should be removed occasionally to avoid excessive nutrient consumption.
2, choose the right tools and treatment: in the sunny morning, after the dew is dry or before the afternoon sunset, use scissors to cut the side branches 1-2cm away from the main trunk, which is conducive to wound healing. When pruning, the normal plants are treated first, and then the infected plants are treated, which can reduce the spread of diseases such as viral diseases and ulcer diseases.
3. Correctly dispose of the removed side branches and sick branches: After the tomato is pruned, the removed side branches and the sick branches are collected using plastic buckets, woven bags and other tools, and taken out of the field, where they are concentrated away from the field. To reduce the spread of pests and diseases.
4. Reasonable leaf thinning and topping: When the first moss fruit begins to color, remove the leaves below the first moss fruit, and keep the 2-3 cm long petiole when picking the leaves. It is not suitable to remove directly at the stem, first remove the yellow leaves. , diseased leaves, inner leaves, and then remove normal leaves and outer leaves; after leaving 2-3 leaves in the upper part of the last moss fruit, the heart is removed and the top buds are cut off.
After the end of the pruning and picking the leaves, the growers should use a protective fungicide for disinfection to reduce the infection of the bacteria.
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