Largemouth bass is also known as burdock, giant mouth rouge fish, and giant mouth roach. In the taxonomic status, it belongs to the order of Oystercatchers, Oysteridae. This fish is native to the Mississippi River Valley of North America and is a large-scale economic fish. It has the advantages of large individuals, fast growth, strong resistance, and rapid propagation. It has certain farming scale in the southern United States. This fish was introduced into China from the United States by the Hubei Fisheries Research Institute in 1993. After several years of trials in central China, the fish showed rapid growth and it was easy to fish. Generally, the yield per mu was more than 500 kg. Under the pool, the largest individual can reach more than 600 grams, which is a good breeding new species.
First, biological characteristics
(I) Morphological characteristics
The appearance and habits of the largemouth bass are similar to those of the squid, but the individual is larger, so it is also called "sirius". The large-mouthed rouge fish is spindle-shaped, with large scales, olive heads, brownish green on the side, and greenish green on the lower part; juvenile and adult fishes have a reflective flake on both sides of the dorsal fin base, and the abdomen is white; mature. The individual marriage color is more obvious, bright color, in the sun's reflection is particularly bright, colorful.
(b) Growth
The fish grows faster and has larger individuals. The largest individual in the country of origin is 45 kg. The trials in our country show that, under the proper conditions, the individuals can reach about 500 grams in the current year, and the maximum can reach 615 grams, 700-1500 grams in the second year and 1500-2,500 grams in the third year.
(III) Living habits
This fish is a bottom-dwelling fish, which normally operates in the lower layers of the water. It swims to the surface of the water or the upper waters only when it is ingested. The suitable water temperature range is 0°C-42°C, and the optimum water temperature is 18°C-32°C. In general, the food was opened at 15°C or more, and the food was less or less than 15°C. Disease resistance is very strong.
(IV) Food habit
Under natural conditions, this fish mainly feeds on zooplankton and eats benthic animals. Under artificial breeding conditions, in addition to ingesting zooplankton, it can also be well fed with pellet feed, or even ingested artificial compound feed. And the feed coefficient is low, and it has a strong ability to escape the fierce fish.
(v) Breeding habits
The sexual maturity of this fish is 2-3 years old, and the average body weight is generally more than 1 kg. Breeding water temperature 18 °C -32 °C. Sexual mature individuals have more obvious marriages. The overall breeding habits are basically the same as those of carp.
Second, artificial propagation technology
(I) Selection and strengthening of broodstock
l, the choice of broodstock
Although the largemouth bream can reach sexual maturity at age 2, the broodstock selected for artificial propagation should be above 3rd instar, preferably 4 to 5th instar. This is done on the one hand to prevent the degradation of germplasm and guarantee the good traits of the offspring. On the other hand, due to its large size, strong vigor, and high fertility, it can be used for large-scale seed production. In addition to being physically strong, disease-free, injury-free, and strong in vitality, the broodstock that you choose to stay in will also have a clear marriage. The ratio of male to female is generally 2-3:1.
2, strengthen the cultivation
The purpose of intensive cultivation is to obtain high-quality eggs and promote the maturation of the gonads. The intensive cultivation work can be carried out either in the outdoor earth pond or in the indoor cement pool. The time starts from about one and a half months before the breeding season. The main cultivation and management work is to maintain a good quality of water, feed two times a day high-quality feed, to ensure adequate feed. The protein content in the feed should be about 33%, and the nutritional balance, the appropriate amount of a variety of vitamins and minerals. The daily feeding amount depends on the water temperature, climate change, and the size of the fish and the feeding conditions. It is generally about 5% of the body weight.
(B) artificial oxytocin and hatching
When the water temperature is stable at 17°C-18°C, when the breeding season comes, the broodstock with good selective glands develops oxytocin production. Females with mature gonadal growth have a soft, bulging abdomen, clear outline of the ovary, red swollen vents, and light pressure on the abdomen with oocysts flowing out; males have a clear matrimonial color, and there is a lot of milky white semen out of the abdomen. In order to increase spawning rate and fecundity, oxytocin (PG), human chorionic gonadotropin (HCG) or luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone analogue (LRH-A) and other oxytocin production can be used. Female doses were PG 5 mg/L, HCG 1200–15001 U/kg, and LRH–A15 mg/kg, and the male dose was halved. The broodstock after injecting the oxytocide is placed into the spawning pool and maintained with certain water stimulation.
If natural spawning is used and the brooders are put into the spawning pool, fish nests made of brown sheets and other materials are hung in the fish ponds for attachment of the fertilized eggs, and spawning conditions are often checked, such as the fish nest full of eggs or After the fish have laid eggs, the fish nests should be promptly transferred to hatching ponds for hatching. Prior to use, the brood was soaked in 15 ppm malachite green for 30 minutes. If the eggs are inseminated artificially, when the effect time is reached and the fish is estrus, the broodstock is caught in time and artificial insemination is performed using a dry method. The fertilized eggs are evenly spread on the fish nest for hatching or de-adhering into the hatchery to incubate with running water. To prevent watery mildew disease, 8-10 ppm malachite green is used daily to disinfect the fish nests, and they are frequently inspected. It is found that moldy eggs are removed in time to prevent infection of other fish eggs.
Third, seed cultivation
The cultivation pond area is 2-3 mu and the water depth is 0.8-1 m. The fish ponds are sterilized at 7-10 days before the lower ponds and the water is discharged after the disappearance of efficacy. The fertilized zooplankton can be fertilized. When the growth of the zooplankton reaches a peak, the fry can be released. Stocking density is about 150,000 mu per mu. After the fish seedlings under the pond, the soybean milk was fed twice a day and the water level was increased by 5-10 cm per week. After 24-30 days of cultivation, the fish body reaches 2.5-3 cm in length, and the fish can be trained by pulling nets. The method of cultivation is similar to that of squid and carp species.
Fourth, adult fish breeding technology
Largemouth bass is suitable for main or polyculture in ponds. The main pond is raised, 25-30 grams of 25-60 grams of winter fish per acre, 600-80 tails of winter fish, 25-30 breeding days of white flies, 30-40 tail of grass carp, and a small amount of carp. Under good conditions, the general individuals can reach the end of the year. 0.6-1.2 kg, 400-500 kg per mu. The husbandry method can be used for both feeding and raising, but it can also be used for fertilization. However, it is better to use mainly fertilization and feeding as supplements. Fertilizers mainly consist of manure, urine, manure, and other organic fertilizers. Appropriate fertilization uses nitrogen, phosphorus, and other fertilizers. Pool water transparency is controlled at about 25-30 centimeters. Daily management is mainly the timely addition of new water, to maintain water quality "fat, tender, live, cool." In the high temperature and fish disease epidemic season, 20 kg of lime are poured every half a mu in the whole pond to prevent disease, regulate water quality, and reduce the occurrence of diseases.
In polyculture ponds, 50-100 tails of 20-30 grams of winter fish are placed in the acre, and 50-80 kg of commercial fish can be produced per acre without increasing feeding and reducing the amount of other fish. In addition, largemouth bass is also suitable for breeding in small and medium-sized reservoirs and lakes.
First, biological characteristics
(I) Morphological characteristics
The appearance and habits of the largemouth bass are similar to those of the squid, but the individual is larger, so it is also called "sirius". The large-mouthed rouge fish is spindle-shaped, with large scales, olive heads, brownish green on the side, and greenish green on the lower part; juvenile and adult fishes have a reflective flake on both sides of the dorsal fin base, and the abdomen is white; mature. The individual marriage color is more obvious, bright color, in the sun's reflection is particularly bright, colorful.
(b) Growth
The fish grows faster and has larger individuals. The largest individual in the country of origin is 45 kg. The trials in our country show that, under the proper conditions, the individuals can reach about 500 grams in the current year, and the maximum can reach 615 grams, 700-1500 grams in the second year and 1500-2,500 grams in the third year.
(III) Living habits
This fish is a bottom-dwelling fish, which normally operates in the lower layers of the water. It swims to the surface of the water or the upper waters only when it is ingested. The suitable water temperature range is 0°C-42°C, and the optimum water temperature is 18°C-32°C. In general, the food was opened at 15°C or more, and the food was less or less than 15°C. Disease resistance is very strong.
(IV) Food habit
Under natural conditions, this fish mainly feeds on zooplankton and eats benthic animals. Under artificial breeding conditions, in addition to ingesting zooplankton, it can also be well fed with pellet feed, or even ingested artificial compound feed. And the feed coefficient is low, and it has a strong ability to escape the fierce fish.
(v) Breeding habits
The sexual maturity of this fish is 2-3 years old, and the average body weight is generally more than 1 kg. Breeding water temperature 18 °C -32 °C. Sexual mature individuals have more obvious marriages. The overall breeding habits are basically the same as those of carp.
Second, artificial propagation technology
(I) Selection and strengthening of broodstock
l, the choice of broodstock
Although the largemouth bream can reach sexual maturity at age 2, the broodstock selected for artificial propagation should be above 3rd instar, preferably 4 to 5th instar. This is done on the one hand to prevent the degradation of germplasm and guarantee the good traits of the offspring. On the other hand, due to its large size, strong vigor, and high fertility, it can be used for large-scale seed production. In addition to being physically strong, disease-free, injury-free, and strong in vitality, the broodstock that you choose to stay in will also have a clear marriage. The ratio of male to female is generally 2-3:1.
2, strengthen the cultivation
The purpose of intensive cultivation is to obtain high-quality eggs and promote the maturation of the gonads. The intensive cultivation work can be carried out either in the outdoor earth pond or in the indoor cement pool. The time starts from about one and a half months before the breeding season. The main cultivation and management work is to maintain a good quality of water, feed two times a day high-quality feed, to ensure adequate feed. The protein content in the feed should be about 33%, and the nutritional balance, the appropriate amount of a variety of vitamins and minerals. The daily feeding amount depends on the water temperature, climate change, and the size of the fish and the feeding conditions. It is generally about 5% of the body weight.
(B) artificial oxytocin and hatching
When the water temperature is stable at 17°C-18°C, when the breeding season comes, the broodstock with good selective glands develops oxytocin production. Females with mature gonadal growth have a soft, bulging abdomen, clear outline of the ovary, red swollen vents, and light pressure on the abdomen with oocysts flowing out; males have a clear matrimonial color, and there is a lot of milky white semen out of the abdomen. In order to increase spawning rate and fecundity, oxytocin (PG), human chorionic gonadotropin (HCG) or luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone analogue (LRH-A) and other oxytocin production can be used. Female doses were PG 5 mg/L, HCG 1200–15001 U/kg, and LRH–A15 mg/kg, and the male dose was halved. The broodstock after injecting the oxytocide is placed into the spawning pool and maintained with certain water stimulation.
If natural spawning is used and the brooders are put into the spawning pool, fish nests made of brown sheets and other materials are hung in the fish ponds for attachment of the fertilized eggs, and spawning conditions are often checked, such as the fish nest full of eggs or After the fish have laid eggs, the fish nests should be promptly transferred to hatching ponds for hatching. Prior to use, the brood was soaked in 15 ppm malachite green for 30 minutes. If the eggs are inseminated artificially, when the effect time is reached and the fish is estrus, the broodstock is caught in time and artificial insemination is performed using a dry method. The fertilized eggs are evenly spread on the fish nest for hatching or de-adhering into the hatchery to incubate with running water. To prevent watery mildew disease, 8-10 ppm malachite green is used daily to disinfect the fish nests, and they are frequently inspected. It is found that moldy eggs are removed in time to prevent infection of other fish eggs.
Third, seed cultivation
The cultivation pond area is 2-3 mu and the water depth is 0.8-1 m. The fish ponds are sterilized at 7-10 days before the lower ponds and the water is discharged after the disappearance of efficacy. The fertilized zooplankton can be fertilized. When the growth of the zooplankton reaches a peak, the fry can be released. Stocking density is about 150,000 mu per mu. After the fish seedlings under the pond, the soybean milk was fed twice a day and the water level was increased by 5-10 cm per week. After 24-30 days of cultivation, the fish body reaches 2.5-3 cm in length, and the fish can be trained by pulling nets. The method of cultivation is similar to that of squid and carp species.
Fourth, adult fish breeding technology
Largemouth bass is suitable for main or polyculture in ponds. The main pond is raised, 25-30 grams of 25-60 grams of winter fish per acre, 600-80 tails of winter fish, 25-30 breeding days of white flies, 30-40 tail of grass carp, and a small amount of carp. Under good conditions, the general individuals can reach the end of the year. 0.6-1.2 kg, 400-500 kg per mu. The husbandry method can be used for both feeding and raising, but it can also be used for fertilization. However, it is better to use mainly fertilization and feeding as supplements. Fertilizers mainly consist of manure, urine, manure, and other organic fertilizers. Appropriate fertilization uses nitrogen, phosphorus, and other fertilizers. Pool water transparency is controlled at about 25-30 centimeters. Daily management is mainly the timely addition of new water, to maintain water quality "fat, tender, live, cool." In the high temperature and fish disease epidemic season, 20 kg of lime are poured every half a mu in the whole pond to prevent disease, regulate water quality, and reduce the occurrence of diseases.
In polyculture ponds, 50-100 tails of 20-30 grams of winter fish are placed in the acre, and 50-80 kg of commercial fish can be produced per acre without increasing feeding and reducing the amount of other fish. In addition, largemouth bass is also suitable for breeding in small and medium-sized reservoirs and lakes.
Other Disposable Dental Products
Dental Bib Clips,Disposable Bib,Disposable Dental Bibs
Hua En Industrial Co., Ltd. , http://www.shbandage.com