In order to increase the yield of tomatoes in greenhouses in winter, the farmers are reminded to pay attention to the following four points in the management of fertilizer and water.
First, pay attention to water regulation
In the winter greenhouse, the seedlings need to be seedlings in the seedling stage. The dry topsoil can promote the roots to be tied down. Therefore, the irrigation should be less, the water control will stabilize the growth rate, the seedlings will not grow long, and the vegetables will be properly ventilated in good weather to cultivate strong seedlings. Irrigation is very important after the results period. Every irrigation time needs to look at the sky, see the ground, see the cockroaches, do not fill the water on cloudy days, and the cold current attacks do not water, because irrigation can significantly reduce the soil temperature, affecting the growth of tomatoes and the release of soil nutrients. . In the same day, the irrigation should wait for the sun to come out and then refill. In the end, the irrigation should be synchronized with the topdressing to achieve water and fertilizer integration.
Second, pay attention to organic fertilizer
Organic fertilizers can improve soil properties in the root layer, reduce nutrient loss from frequent irrigation and increase fertilizer utilization. The amount of organic fertilizer applied should not be small, and the general dosage is 5-10 cubic meters per acre. There are also some types of organic fertilizers. For example, common chicken manure contains a large amount of phosphorus and nitrogen nutrients, but the proportion of carbon and nitrogen is small, while the straw compost has less nitrogen and phosphorus content and a larger proportion of carbon and nitrogen. Better results. On the basis of organic fertilizer, the appropriate amount of ternary compound fertilizer (about 30 kg / mu), the ratio of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium of the compound fertilizer should be moderate, do not highlight the nitrogen fertilizer, even if no organic fertilizer is applied, Do not choose high-nitrogen compound fertilizer, because high nitrogen will not only make the seedlings not strong, but also may cause symptoms such as umbilical rot (calcium deficiency).
Third, pay attention to topdressing
The principle of using a small number of times, mainly nitrogen and potassium fertilizers, each time not exceeding 5 kg, the integration of fertilizer and water to achieve integration. During the topdressing period, the fruit-fertilizer of the first ear-fruit expansion period, the strong fruit fertilizer of the second and third-spike fruit expansion period; after entering the fruit-bearing period, the weakening ability of the root system is reduced, and the soil can be traced by nitrogen and potassium. The root-external top dressing can be used to spray water-soluble fertilizer such as potassium dihydrogen phosphate, calcium nitrate or calcium chloride or borax to ensure the growth of strong fruits in the later period, reduce the occurrence of physiological diseases and improve the quality of fruits.
Fourth, pay attention to the trace elements
In greenhouse tomatoes, the demand for calcium, magnesium, boron and other nutrients is relatively large. In addition to the common tomato umbilical rot, the incidence of cracked fruit is becoming more and more serious in recent years. Therefore, the application of medium and trace element fertilizers in the middle and late stages of tomato growth is feasible. Nutrients are mainly selected from calcium, boron, magnesium and zinc. According to the difference of the degree of deficiency, the different methods of root dressing or soil application are used respectively. The fertilizer type can be selected as single type or compound type, but do not choose the ten full complement type. Such fertilizer is poorly targeted and the effect is not obvious.
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