After the corn enters the ripening period, it is generally harvested by a large-scale corn harvester. At this time, the corn stalks are pulverized and evenly dispersed in the field, and then appropriate field management can be used to return the fields. The following Hui Nong network Xiaobian introduced two common techniques for returning corn stalks to the field.
First, the full-scale deep-turning technology of corn stalks in rain-fed areas
(1) Appropriate area
The technology is suitable for applications in the central and eastern parts of Jilin Province with a rainfall of more than 450 mm and an accumulated temperature of over 2,600 °C.
(2) Technical points
1. After the corn enters the ripening period, it is harvested by a large corn harvester, and the corn stover is crushed (length <10 cm) and evenly dispersed in the field.
2. Spray corn stover decomposing agent 2 kg / mu, and apply urea 7 kg / mu.
3. The straw is ploughed into the soil (the power is above 130 horsepower, and the depth of the tillage is 30-35 cm). The straw is turned deep into the 20-30 cm soil layer, and the tillage is flattened to reach the sowing state.
4. In the spring of the next year, when the soil temperature of 5 cm is stable and passed through 8 °C, the water content of the soil layer is about 20%. It is planted by flat sowing, and the pressure is suppressed after sowing (repression strength 400-800 g/cm2).
5. The planting density of low-fertility plots is 5.5-60 million plants/ha, and the planting density of high-fertility plots is 6.0-70 million plants/ha.
6. Determine the reasonable amount of fertilizer based on soil fertility and target yield. The total amount of fertilizer nutrient input is N 180-220 kg/ha, P2O5 50-90 kg/ha, and K2O 60-100 kg/ha. Nitrogen fertilizer 30% and all phosphorus and potassium fertilizers are used as base fertilizer (10-15 cm); high-stalk crop fertiliser for topdressing applies 50% of total nitrogen fertilizer in the big bell stage of corn, and 20% of total nitrogen fertilizer in filling stage. %.
(three) matters needing attention
1. Select the appropriate type of turning plough for different soil types to carry out the deep turning operation, and ensure a certain speed at the time of operation, to ensure that the straw can be buried in 20-30cm.
2. After the first deep-turn operation, it is recommended to increase the application of nitrogen fertilizer in the second year, and apply 20-40 kg per hectare to prevent the problem of insufficient nutrients.
Second, the direct return of corn stalks to the field in the irrigated area
(1) Appropriate area
The technology is suitable for applications in the central and western parts of the Northeast with a rainfall of less than 450 mm.
(2) Technical points
1. After the corn enters the ripening period, it is harvested by a large corn harvester, and the corn stover is crushed (length <10 cm) and evenly dispersed in the field.
2. Spray corn stover decomposing agent 2 kg / mu, and apply urea 7 kg / mu.
3. The straw is ploughed into the soil (power is above 130 horsepower, and the depth of ploughing is 30-35 cm), and the straw is turned deep into 20-30 cm soil layer, and the ploughing is flattened.
4. In the spring of the next year, when the soil is 5 cm, the temperature is stable through 8 °C, and the water content of the soil is about 20%. It is planted in wide and narrow rows. After heavy crushing (repressive strength 400-800 g/cm2), it is completed once with a film planter. Fertilization, sowing, drip irrigation, spraying herbicides, filming, covering soil and other operating procedures.
5. The planting density of low-fertility plots is 7.0-7.5 million plants/ha; the planting density of high-fertility plots is 7.5-8.5 million plants/ha.
6. Determine the reasonable amount of fertilizer based on soil fertility and target yield. The total amount of fertilizer nutrient input is N 180-220 kg/ha, P2O5 60-90 kg/ha, and K2O 70-100 kg/ha. 30% of the nitrogen fertilizer is applied as the base fertilizer, and the remaining 70% is accurately applied with water in the jointing stage, the big bell stage, the tasseling stage, the silking stage and the filling stage. 50% of phosphorus and potassium fertilizers are applied as base fertilizer, and the remaining 50% are accurately applied with water in jointing stage, big bell stage, tasseling stage, silking stage and filling stage.
(three) matters needing attention
1. Avoid damage to the mulch. Due to the uncleanness of the soil during the film mulching and the excessive stretching of the mulch film during filming, the degradation time of the mulch film is advanced. It is recommended to carefully lay the ground, carefully lay it, and do not stretch the film too much.
2. Prevent weeds from cracking the mulch film. Degraded mulch film enters the degradation induction period in the corn growth period to a certain time. If the herbicide is used improperly, the problem of weed rupture film will appear in the field. It is recommended to strengthen the correct use of the herbicide before mulching.
Testing Method:
step 2: Immediately close the container again.
This protects the remaining test strips from humidity and guarantees strip integrity up to the expiry date indicated.
step 3: Dip the test strip for about 1 second into the fresh urine specimen.
Wipe off any excess urine on the rim of the vessel and blot the edge of the test strip on tissue paper.
step 4: Read the result by comparing the test fields with the color scale on the test pack after 30 to 60 seconds.
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