Carrots are typically sown between mid-July and mid-September, but the high temperatures and rainy weather during this period can be very challenging for seed germination. The hairy surface of carrot seeds and the presence of volatile oils inside make it difficult for the seeds to absorb water properly, which leads to delayed germination and weak seedlings. As a result, carrot growth is often slow, and the stand may be incomplete, which significantly affects the final yield. Based on experiences from various regions in recent years, adopting specific techniques can help achieve full emergence, healthy seedlings, and ultimately higher yields.
Carrots thrive in loose, well-prepared soil. Before planting, deep plowing is essential, with a depth of at least 30 cm. The soil should be finely tilled, leveled, and smooth to ensure good root development. The planting beds should be 2 to 2.5 meters wide to facilitate irrigation and drainage.
Applying a proper base fertilizer is crucial for high-quality and high-yield carrots. To avoid burning the plants, organic fertilizer must be fully decomposed and mixed before application. Apply 2,500 to 3,000 kg of organic manure per mu, along with 50 to 80 kg of compound fertilizer. Adding a small amount of pesticide to the organic fertilizer helps protect against underground pests, ensuring better seedling survival.
Before sowing, the seeds should be treated to remove the fine hairs, allowing better contact with the soil. Soak the seeds in warm water (40°C) for 30 minutes, then cool them down to 20–25°C by adding cold water and soak for 24 hours. This allows the seeds to absorb enough moisture and begin germination. Germination occurs best at 20–25°C, and when more than half the seeds have sprouted, they should be sown immediately. Studies show that early sowing by 2–5 days can increase seedling numbers by 6.4% to 9.6%.
Weeding is a major challenge in carrot cultivation, especially since manual weeding is time-consuming and difficult. Applying pre-emergence herbicides after sowing and covering the soil can greatly reduce the need for manual labor while effectively controlling weeds. Herbicides like Shitianbu or Napropamide are safe and effective. Use 100–150 ml of herbicide EC per mu, mixed with 60–80 liters of water, and spray evenly over the field. This method controls over 95% of weeds.
After applying the herbicide, cover the soil with a 2–3 cm layer of rice straw. This helps prevent rain from washing away the soil and damaging young seedlings, while also protecting them from direct sunlight.
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