The prevention and control of pests and diseases of medicinal plants is mainly based on comprehensive prevention and control. Comprehensive prevention and control is based on the growth characteristics of medicinal plants and the damage rules of pests and diseases, combined with cultivation techniques and field management, and comprehensive management, so as to improve the plant's ability to control pests and diseases, in order to control the pests and diseases to the lowest degree of harm. 1. Plant quarantine In strict accordance with national regulations, plant quarantine objects are subject to pest and disease inspections to prevent the introduction of new dangerous pests and weeds in other countries or regions, and to limit the spread and spread of local dangerous pests and weeds. 2. The agricultural prevention and control shall use excellent cultivation and management techniques to promote the growth and development of medicinal plants in order to achieve the purpose of controlling and eliminating pests and diseases. (1) Rational rotation: continuous cropping makes the accumulation of pests and diseases more intensify, and the rotation can change the ecological environment of the pests and prevent the effects. (2) Deep-cultivation: It can promote the growth and development of plants, but it can also directly kill pests and diseases, such as winter tillage. (3) Clean gardening: The weeds and defoliation of the diseased pests in the fields are often hidden and overwintering sites for pests and diseases, and become the source of diseases and pests in the next year. The defoliation of diseased plants is collected and burned to remove field weeds, which can reduce the occurrence of pests and diseases. (4) Adjusting the sowing date: Some pests and diseases are closely related to the phenophase of a certain growth and development stage of medicinal plants. If this stage of growth and development avoids a large number of pests infestation, the pests can be avoided or alleviated. The degree of harm. (5) Rational fertilization: Promote the growth and development of plants through rational fertilization, increase their resistance to pests and diseases or avoid the hazard period of pests. In general, phosphorus and potash fertilizers can increase the disease resistance of plants, and partial nitrogen fertilizers have the greatest impact on pests and diseases. (6) Breeding of pest-resistant cultivars: The resistance of different varieties of medicinal plants to pests and diseases is often very different. It is a cost-effective measure to breed high-quality, high-product varieties. 3, biological control application of certain beneficial organisms in nature to eliminate or control the occurrence of certain pests and diseases. Such as the use of ladybugs to control aphids, the use of antibiotics to prevent diseases such as antibiotics. 4, physical and mechanical control such as artificial and mechanical killing, trapping and so on. 5, drug control The use of pesticide seed dressing, soil disinfection, spray, fumigation, trapping and other measures to prevent pests. At present, there are many types of pesticides. Care should be taken to select them correctly according to the characteristics of pests and diseases. When using pesticides, we must also pay attention to the safety of humans and animals and the residual drugs.
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