After the mold contaminates the feed, a large amount of spores and toxins are produced, which will cause serious harm to the animals. Summer heat and humidity, mold is particularly easy to reproduce, production must take effective measures to strictly conserve feed, to avoid contamination of feed mold, mold control on the growth and reproduction of feed, timely destruction of toxins produced by mold.
Store feed in summer, the main anti-mildew measures are as follows:
1, dry mildew. The basic measure for drying and mildew prevention is to keep the feed dry. The germination of most molds requires about 75% relative humidity. When the relative humidity reaches 80% to 100%, molds will grow rapidly. Therefore, to save feed in the summer, we must prevent moisture and moisture, keep the feed warehouse in a dry environment, and control the relative humidity to be no higher than 70%. Of course, turning feed ingredients in time to control the moisture content of feed ingredients is also an essential anti-mildew measure.
2, low temperature mildew. The storage temperature of the feed should be controlled within the range where mildew is not suitable for growth, and the effect of mildew can be achieved. You can use the natural cryogenic method, that is, reasonable ventilation at the right time, cooling with cold air; you can also use frozen storage method, freeze the feed after heat insulation, cryogenic or cryopreservation. Low temperature mold must be combined with drying and mildew prevention measures to achieve the best results.
3, modified atmosphere mildew. The growth of mold requires oxygen. As long as the oxygen content in the air reaches more than 2%, the mold can grow well. Especially in the case of air circulation in the warehouse, the mold grows more easily. Atmosphere adjustment mildew is usually used oxygen deficiency or fill in carbon dioxide, nitrogen and other gases, so that the oxygen concentration is controlled below 2%, or to increase the carbon dioxide concentration to more than 40%.
4, radiation anti-mildew. The mold is sensitive to radiation radiation. According to the experiment, the feed was treated with gamma-ray radiation and placed under 30°C and relative humidity of 80%, and there was no mold propagation. In order to eradicate the mold in the feed, radiation can be used to irradiate the feed, but this requires corresponding conditions, which are generally not available to manufacturers or users.
5, bagging mildew. Use bags to store feed, can effectively control the moisture, oxygen, play a moldy effect. The new type of anti-mildew pouch developed abroad can guarantee that the newly-packed feed does not produce mildew for a long time. This kind of pouch is composed of polyolefin resin, which contains 0.01% to 0.05% of vanillin or ethyl vanillin, polyolefin The resin film can slowly evaporate vanillin or ethyl vanillin and penetrate into the feed. It can not only prevent moldy feed, but also has aromatic odor and increase the palatability of the feed.
6, pharmaceutical anti-mildew. Mold can be said to be omnipresent. During the growth of a plant, during the harvest process, the feed can be contaminated by mold during normal processing and storage. Once environmental conditions are right, mold can multiply. Therefore, no matter what kind of feed, as long as the water content exceeds 13%, and the feed is stored for more than 2 weeks, antifungal agents should be added before storage.
7, anti-mold agents and methods of use.
Propionic acid (sodium propionate). Propionic acid itself contains a certain amount of energy, can promote appetite, improve feed efficiency 5%. The amount of compound feed is 0.1% to 0.2%, and that of animal feed is 0.5% to 1.5%.
Sorbic acid. It is a highly effective and non-toxic anti-mold agent. Usually, the PH value is within the range of 5 to 6, and the addition amount is 0.15%.
Propolis salt. The main ingredient is propionate. Addition of 0.25% to 0.4% in compound feed, 0.35% to 0.4% in animal feed, and 1.5% to prevent salmonella from harming livestock and poultry.
Anti-oxyquine. Also known as the mountain road quinoline, has the dual role of anti-oxygen, anti-mildew. The addition amount is 0.025%-0.05%.
Citric acid. Can be used as a preservative, but also an antioxidant synergist. The amount of compound in the feed was 0.5%.
Kemyaling. The water content and the ambient humidity of the visual feed can be added as appropriate. Generally, the amount of feed per ton is 300-700 grams.
In addition to mildew. High efficiency, low toxicity, broad spectrum, generally added in an amount of 0.1% to 0.2%.
Sodium diacetate. Safe and non-toxic, no residue, low cost, good antibacterial effect. The addition amount is 0.6%.
Dimethyl fumarate. Efficient and broad-spectrum, the inhibitory effect on Aspergillus flavus is particularly evident. Wide application range, suitable temperature and wide PH value, can improve feed palatability, improve feed utilization. When the feed moisture content is below 14%, the added amount is 250-500 mg per kilogram of feed, and when the water content of feed is more than 15%, the added amount is 500-800 mg per kilogram of feed.