In recent years, pig artificial insemination technology has developed rapidly. Large-scale pig farms have basically started artificial insemination work, and some large-scale boar stations (companies) mainly selling boar semen have emerged, mainly including Beijing. The SPF breeding boar station of the Northern Ministry of Agriculture of the Pig Breeding Center and Beijing Haobang Artificial Insemination Service Co., Ltd. At the same time, in the areas where rural pigs are relatively concentrated, small boar stands of 3 to 5 boars invested by individual farmers themselves appear to spring up. The author summarizes the work experience of the SPF boar station at the Beijing Pig Breeding Center and summarizes two key control chains for the pig insemination link. Two key control chains are now described.
The two key control chains in the process of artificial insemination are the clean chain and the temperature chain. These two chains run through all aspects of artificial insemination. The main contents of the clean chain include the management of the boar station, the management of the sperm collection room and the sperm collection personnel, the management of the laboratory seminal dilution, and the insemination procedure. The main contents of the temperature chain include preparation before semen collection, dilution of semen, separation of semen, and preservation and transportation of semen.
Clean chain
Breeding management of boars
Regularly clean the pig house every day, train the boars to eat, sleep and excrete at three locations so that the boar can maintain a good living environment. Maintain the cleanliness of the trough, the trough should be cleaned at least once a week with a high-pressure cleaner; check the quality of the feed before each feed, find that the moldy and deteriorating feed should be destroyed and no boars should be fed; timely cleaning of the pen Faeces and urine to reduce boar's chances of contaminating the body and foreskins; regular cleaning of boars on boars to remove dirt and dander from boars; pigs are sterilized twice a week and used extensively. General effective disinfection drugs such as chlorothalonil- 30, chlorhexidine, disinfectant, peracetic acid, etc., according to the disinfectant concentration specified in the instruction manual, mixing evenly before disinfection, the amount of disinfectant to ensure 0.3L/m2, regular replacement disinfectant.
Management of sperm collection room and sperm collection personnel
The sperm collection room should be clean and dry with no foreign objects on the ground. The ceiling of the chamber is made of aluminum plate or plastic plate to reduce the dust, and it is cleaned once a week. Fake Taiwan livestock should be disinfected every day after the completion of sperm collection. Gatherers wear sanitary caps to prevent hair and dander from contaminating semen. Accumulate the foreskin urine immediately before harvesting. Clean the foreskin and clean the foreskin thoroughly with toilet paper. The sperm extractor must wear gloves to prevent cross-contamination of semen. At the same time, the sperm extractor must cut the nails regularly to prevent the nails from scratching the gloves and contaminating the semen. During semen collection, semen and end semen should not be collected. The semen may be mixed with a small amount of urine in the anterior semen. The semen content of the seminal semen is high and the semen content is low, so it is not suitable for collection. After the semen is collected, tie the sperm collection bag and immediately cover the lid of the flask.
Laboratory Semen Dilution Management
Clean the laboratory regularly every day to minimize the laboratory's ground, countertops, walls, and ceiling dust. Semen dilute personnel must enter the laboratory to change work clothes and shoes. Thoroughly clean the collection cup, dilution cup, glass rod, and dilute powder bottle each time. After washing, rinse twice with double-distilled water and then perform high-pressure or dry-bake disinfection (according to the nature of the instrument). Semen dilution must be performed with double-distilled or deionized water, and the shelf life of double-distilled and deionized water should not exceed 1 month.
Insemination procedure
Insemination process pay attention to clean, reduce the incidence of uterine inflammation. Place the boar on the front of the estrus sow to stimulate the sow. Clean the vulva, tail and roots of the sow with 0.1% potassium permanganate solution and clean the genital area of ​​the sow with clean toilet paper. Gently mix the semen, distribute the semen evenly in the infusion bottle, and insert the vas deferens into the sow's vagina. Note that the above details are one of the guarantees to ensure that the sow's womb is not contaminated.
Temperature chain
Preparation before harvesting
Before the collection of semen, all items in contact with semen, including gloves, harvesting cups, semen bottles, and so on, should all be preheated at 37°C in a constant temperature oven to ensure that the difference between the temperature of the semen and its contact items is not more than 2°C. Diluted semen should also be preheated in a 37°C water bath for at least 1 hour in advance to ensure that the diluent is mixed evenly. The laboratory air conditioning is set to 25°C.
Diluted sperm
Immediately after the fluid is collected, semen quality is checked, including sperm color, odor, vitality, and density. Finally, an appropriate proportion of semen is diluted according to the test results. The temperature difference between the diluent and the original sperm must not exceed 2°C, otherwise it will seriously affect the sperm motility after dilution.
Semen filling, preservation and transportation
Immediately after the dilution of the semen, separate the semen bottles from the thermostat so that the temperature difference between the diluted semen and semen bottles is not higher than 2°C. Semen should not be put into the 17°C incubator immediately after the semen is dispensed. After the semen is slowly cooled at room temperature (25°C), the semen is put into the incubator. An incubator should be used at the same time during semen transport to ensure that the sperm's vitality is not affected.
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