In this year's spring corn production, we should follow the market demand and benefit first, the output and quality are equally important, control the production area, optimize the planting structure, vigorously promote the optimization and integration of integrated planting techniques, and moderately develop special corn such as sweet corn and silage corn. Planting, further improve the production technology level and stabilize the corn production income.
General (grain) corn planting technology
1 Control area, optimize planting structure
All localities should continue to implement the principle of concentration of superior varieties to the dominant production areas to guide the development of corn, reduce and control the planting area of ​​spring corn, optimize the planting structure, and improve production efficiency.
2 Choose excellent varieties and do a good job in seed treatment
It should be selected to pass the trial, spring sowing period of 110 to 120 days, and the local spring sowing to show excellent varieties of disease resistance and high yield. Seed quality must meet the national secondary standard.
According to the survey, this year's spring maize seeding varieties will reach more than 40 varieties, including Zhengdan, Jiyuan, Weike, Tiantian, Aoyu, Yufeng, Nongdan and many other brands. For new varieties, it should be tested first, and good performance should be demonstrated and promoted. In particular, farmers with large planting areas should choose the fine varieties that have been approved (suitable for planting in the region).
Suggested demonstration and planting: Zhengdan 958, Pingyu No. 8, Jiyuan 128, Aoyu 3911, Yongyu 66, Sky Survey 969, Weike 696, Zhongke Yu 505 (Lianchuang 805), Yufeng 179 (冀 W179), Integrity No. 16, Keke 705, Kraton 615 (冀 615) and other varieties.
For seeds that are not coated with a seed coating agent, a seed coating agent or a seed dressing is applied to prevent pests and diseases. The use of seed coatings and pharmaceuticals must be used scientifically in strict accordance with the instructions to avoid phytotoxicity.
3 Suitable for soil preparation, applying sufficient base fertilizer
Appropriate precipitation during the suitable sowing period should be planted in time; the dry plots should be timely watered and then planted. Before planting, use fertilized organic fertilizer such as manure and fertilizer as base fertilizer, the dosage is 1500 kg/mu, and the tillage and fine soil preparation will be carried out.
When planting, combined with the application of organic fertilizer, 20 to 30 kg of corn special fertilizer is applied per mu to make the base fertilizer, pay attention to the separation of seed fertilizer and prevent burning of seedlings.
4 Suitable sowing, improve the quality of sowing
It is generally appropriate to sow in the late April to early May. Membrane seeding can be 7 to 10 days in advance.
Promote mechanical sowing operations, machine broadcast or manual on-demand to achieve "deep consistency, uniform soil, consistent suppression" to achieve "Miaoquan, Miaoqi, Miaoyun, Miaozhuang".
Promote 60 cm and other row spacing planting methods, or wide (80 cm) narrow (40 cm) row planting form, the general seeding volume is controlled at 2 to 3 kg/mu; the sowing depth is 3 to 5 cm, and the sandy soil can be soaked 4~ 5 cm, the sticky soil can be soaked about 3 cm.
5 Artificial or chemical weeding
There are few weeds in spring, which can be manually removed; the plots with many weeds can be contacted with non-systemic herbicides or chemically weeded with glufosinate before sowing.
For the plots with more weeds after corn emergence, in the 2~4 leaf stage of corn and 2~3 leaf stage of weeds, mixed herbicides containing atrazine, nicosulfuron and other ingredients can be used to target weed spray. In addition, do not re-spray, do not leak.
Note: First, the herbicide containing nicosulfuron is prohibited from spraying organophosphorus pesticides within 7 days before and after application. The second is to strictly follow the instructions for use to prevent phytotoxicity.
6 Reasonable close planting, timely seedling
Appropriate planting density should be determined according to the specific characteristics of the variety, soil fertility, water and fertilizer conditions. The density of compact and dense varieties is generally between 4000 and 4500 plants/mu, of which high-yield plots can reach 4500-5000 plants/mu; semi-compact varieties 4000-4200 plants/mu; flat-type varieties 4000-4200 plants/mu.
The seedlings are carried out at the time of 4 leaves and 1 heart, and the seedlings, diseased seedlings, and weak seedlings are removed, and the seedlings are kept neat. The mulching film covers the plot, and the seedlings should be ruptured in time before and after the emergence of the 2-leaf stage.
7 Applying panicle fertilizer to improve fertilizer efficiency
Spring corn needs to increase production, and it is very important to apply panicle fertilizer. In the big bell mouth period combined with natural precipitation or pouring (spray, drip irrigation) water, 20 kg of urea per mu.
For high-yield plots, 10 kg of urea can be applied per acre during the flowering period.
Topdressing should be carried out by artificial ditching, deep application of soil, or mechanized soil application, to avoid surface application as much as possible to improve fertilization efficiency.
8 During the growth period, the key water is poured in the drought, and the water is drained in time.
To achieve high yields, we must guarantee the supply of key water. First, we must water the soil before we take it to prevent drought. Second, in the case of continuous drought, watering should be carried out during the filling period to increase the grain weight; during the growth period, in case of flood disasters, the water in the field should be eliminated in time.
9 Do a good job of forecasting and forecasting and controlling pests and diseases
(1) When planting to seedling stage, it is necessary to focus on monitoring and timely prevention and control of the following pests and diseases:
First, the disease is rough: the imidacloprid can be used to control the gray planthoppers in the field, and the weeds on the roadside and in the field can be removed.
The second is root rot and stem rot: it can be coated and controlled with Fumeishuang·Zi Lingling·Tetraxazine suspension seed coating agent. The field inspection found that the diseased plants should clear their roots and leaves and bury them in time.
The third is to prevent and control pests: pests such as tigers, golden worms, cotton bollworms, armyworms, and moths can be controlled by seed coating or insecticide spraying such as beta-cypermethrin; prevention and control of Swedish flies, corn thrips, etc. Pests can be controlled by imidacloprid spray.
(2) Focus on monitoring the prevention and control of the following pests and diseases in the middle and late growth stages:
First, the corn borer: in the small bell mouth to the big bell mouth, can be sprayed with phoxim emulsifiable concentrate and other granules;
The second is to timely inspect and prevent corn brown spot, large and small spot disease and other diseases, and spray carbendazim and other broad-spectrum fungicides to prevent and control.
10 timely harvest, drying and drying
Generally, in the middle and late September, the corn is mature and should be harvested and dried in time. Where there are conditions, it is possible to carry out direct mechanical harvesting and drying in the field and straw smashing and returning to the field.
Today's 2018 spring sowing corn excellent planting technology is about this, if you want to learn more about this technology, you can look forward to the update of Hui Nongwang!
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