Lentils are the Emei beans and eyebrows that we eat. It has high nutritional value and unique taste. It is grown in many parts of China. Especially in rural areas, almost every household is in the middle, so what is the prospect of the lentils market? How to plant it? The following small series will introduce you in detail.
First, the function and role of lentils
Lentils are rich in nutrients such as protein, fat, sugar, calcium, phosphorus, iron, vitamins, dietary fiber and rich in it. In the lentils, there is also a hemagglutinin that can eventually ablate tumors, which can improve the body's anti-cancer and anti-tumor. ability.
Lentils have a very high nutritional value. In the "Compendium of Materia Medica", it is recorded that lentils have the effect of stopping diarrhea, strengthening the spleen and stomach, and removing damp heat. Li Shizhen once praised the lentils and the lotus seeds we know well. The lotus seeds are the fruit of the spleen, while the lentils are the valley of the spleen. Whether it is eating lotus seeds or eating lentils, it is good for the spleen.
Lentils are suitable for everyone to eat, because lentils contain viral inhibitors, blood cytokines and other ingredients, often eat lentils to lower blood sugar, anti-virus, improve immunity, etc., very suitable for long-aged adolescents and cancers that need to improve the body's immunity Patients and diabetics.
Second, how to eat lentils?
Lentils have a special aroma that is unique in its flavor. The common cooking method is to fry the pork with the pork. You can also marinate it with salt for a while and then wrap it in a thin layer of paste. We are called lentil. It can also be directly fried. It can also be marinated for storage.
Third, the analysis of lentils planting prospects
Lentils have a special aroma and are of high nutritional value. They are popular in people's daily life and have good market prospects. It is widely eaten and has a unique taste and flavor, and it is worth planting.
Fourth, lentils cultivation methods
1, planting methods
Many lines are broadcast in the late spring, and the young pods are harvested in succession from the summer and autumn to the early frost. Single or intercropped with corn, with corn stover as a scaffold, or with garlic, can also be planted in the field.
1 seeding density
The planting distance of short vines and early maturing plants is 30-45 cm, and the row spacing is 65-70 cm. The planting distance of the long-branched hedgerows is 45 cm, and the row spacing is 100-130 cm.
2 seeding methods
Ditch or hole sowing, sowing depth 5 ~ 7 cm, should be covered with grass ash after sowing.
3 seeding volume
It is 57~67.5 kg/ha and mixed for 6~16.5 kg/ha.
2, select excellent varieties
Fine varieties are selected according to cultivation conditions. The varieties cultivated in China mainly include:
1 purple side lentils
That is, pig ears, lentils, and vines. The leaves are dark green, the veins and petioles are purple, the color is green and thick, the pods are crisp and tender, and each pod contains 5-6 seeds. The mature seeds are black, the cotton is cooked, the quality is good, the yield is high, the middle and late are cooked, and the heat resistance is strong. It is weak in cold resistance, likes water and fertilizer, and has a prosperous growth.
2 white lentils
Sprawling, multi-branched, strong growth. The whole plant is green. The flowers are white, the pods are slightly narrow, long and thin, light green, the pods are thin and tender, the seeds are white, and the flavor is good. The spring sowing period is 160 to 170 days. Extremely drought tolerant.
3 black seed white lentils
Sprawling, strong growth, purple light green leaves on the stem, dark green leaves, purple flowers, high pods, light green and narrow pods, each pod containing 5-6 seeds, black seeds. Drought-tolerant, sturdy, heat-resistant, cold-resistant, long harvest period.
4 purple lentils
Sprawling, strong branching, dark purple stems, green leaves, dark veins of veins and petioles, long inflorescences, many pods, narrow and long pods, purple-red, containing 3 to 5 seeds, soft after cooking. Late maturity, heat resistance, cold tolerance, drought tolerance, long harvest period and high yield.
3. Field management
1 Water and fertilizer management
There is less water in the seedling stage, and more water is needed after the vine is elongated and the pod-forming period. Generally, 1 to 2 water is poured during the elongation period of the vine, and a water is poured in the flower pod period for about 10 days without rain. After watering, weeding and weeding, combined with top dressing, to prevent falling flowers and grow long. Medium tillage should be shallow to prevent root damage.
2 Set up the vines, and pruning before ploughing. When the main vines are 5 to 6 leaves, the heart is topped, which promotes multiple side vines, which can flower pods early, but the yield is low.
3 control pests and diseases
Lentils have fewer diseases, and the main pests are aphids and red spiders. They can be sprayed with low-toxic agents to prevent them early.
4, harvest
Lentils have a long growth period (160-300 days), and flowering pods 60-65 days after emergence, they can harvest tender pods one after another. It can be harvested for 90 to 120 days. Generally, 15,000 to 18,750 kg of tender pods are produced per hectare. Fresh pods and fresh beans have a short shelf life. If stored at a relative humidity of 85% to 90% and 0 to 2 degrees Celsius, the fresh pods can be stored for 21 days, and the pods are about 7 days. Harvesting of mature seeds, long vines are 150-210 days, and early-maturing short vines are 60-75 days. When the mature pods turn to dry yellow, they are harvested and dried, and the threshed wind is stored and stored.
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