The management of the breeding period of animals is very well managed. Today, the cows that we want to say, once the breeding cows are properly managed, will cause the calves to not grow and develop normally in the mother. Let's take a look at breeding cow breeding management techniques.
1 empty and late pregnancy cows
During the empty period of breeding cows, the cows should be kept in a moderate sensation, ensure that the diet is reasonable, feed the silage, and exercise for 1 to 2 hours every day to ensure the normal estrus of the cows, timely grasp the estrus of the cows, and timely artificial insemination and breeding. For cows that cannot normally estrus, the rectal examination method is used for reproductive system examination; for cows with normal uterus and ovary, intramuscular injection of complex VAD and VE injections, artificial induction of estrus by gonadotropin-releasing hormone cloprostenol. Breeding was carried out using two methods of insemination in the morning and evening.
After the cow is inseminated, the pregnancy diagnosis should be carried out as soon as possible. For the pregnant cows diagnosed, the feeding management can be strengthened according to the conditions required by the pregnant animals; for the cows diagnosed and not pregnant, it is necessary to check the situation and improve the matching rate of the cows. The cow develops rapidly in the middle and late pregnancy, and needs to supply a large amount of nutrients to the mother. At the same time, the cow needs to accumulate a certain amount of nutrients to ensure the milk yield after delivery. At this stage, the cow's food intake is greatly increased and the digestive function is better. Technical points: Feed 3 times a day, refer to the feeding standard to match the diet. When the tank is in the upper tank, it is guaranteed to have sufficient time to feed the green roughage, and the clean drinking water is supplied 3 times a day. "Sanjiu" cold winter drinking water temperature should not be lower than 15 °C, do not feed moldy, degraded feed. Guaranteed exercise time of 1 to 2 hours per day. Prevent cows from getting too fat and keep the middle and upper sensation. Whether you are feeding or stocking, you must do a good job in childbirth. The dying rate of primiparous cows is relatively high. It is necessary to train the breeders on artificial midwifery to master the technical points of midwifery, prepare necessary facilities and equipment, and do a good job in midwifery work in a timely manner.
2 perinatal cows
Perinatal period refers to the cow 15 days before delivery and 15 days after delivery. During this period, the cows have changed greatly in physiology, and special attention should be paid to the management of feeding. In the delivery room, the delivery room should be disinfected and weeded. If there is no delivery room, the cow bed should be cleaned 7 days before the expected date of delivery, and the cow bed should be padded to keep the cow bed clean and dry.
Pregnant cows should be transferred to the delivery room 15 days before delivery, and raised separately to feed high-quality hay. The concentrate is reduced to 50%, and the concentrate can increase the content of wheat bran, reduce salt, and ban. Feed moldy feed, do not feed beet pulp, distiller's grains, etc., do not drink dirty water, do not drink ice slag water in winter to prevent miscarriage.
Cow delivery can be divided into open period, fetal output period and fetal membrane discharge period. It is generally 2 to 8 hours from the discharge of the fetus to the fetal membrane from the uterus. When the cow is found to be dystocia, it is difficult to help. Clinical manifestations of productive dystocia, birth canal dystocia and fetal dystocia, such as productive dystocia, oxytocin can be used to induce or pull the front part of the fetus to pull the fetus out of the body; stenosis of the birth canal, fetal dystocia Caesarean section can be performed; when the fetus is too large to cause dystocia, it can be rescued by forcibly pulling out the fetus. The dystocia caused by abnormal fetal position, fetal direction and fetal position should be corrected first, then the fetus should be pulled out, and caesarean section can be performed when the difficulty is corrected. After the calf is born, the cow will stand up to the fetal water on the calf. The cows consume a lot of physical strength after giving birth. At this time, they should be quietly rested and fed to the warm wheat bran calcium salt soup in a timely manner, that is, warm water 10-20 kg, wheat bran 500-1000 g, salt 50 g, calcium carbonate 50 g and Brown sugar 250 ~ 500g, in order to facilitate the recovery of physical strength and fetal membrane discharge. When yak care, it is necessary to remove the mucus in the mouth and mouth of the yak in time, so that the yak's head is lower than other parts of the body or the yak is raised for a few seconds to ensure that the yak breathes normally; smear with high concentration iodine (7%) Umbilical cord disinfection; yak is given colostrum 30 to 50 minutes after birth.
The 15d postpartum period of the cow is the recovery period. During this period, the digestive function of the cow is weak. The feeding amount of the concentrate and silage should be gradually increased. The daily increase of 0.2~0.5 kg of concentrate and 1~2 kg of silage should be added in time. Substances, trace elements and vitamins ensure that cows' milk production rises rapidly, allowing calves to eat nutritious milk. 5d after the delivery of the cow, gradually increase the amount of concentrate feeding, while paying attention to the supply of sufficient drinking water, and take out the house to sunbathe.
3 lactating cows
In order to ensure the milk production of cows, the whole plant corn silage should be mainly used, and proper matching of the concentrate feed is beneficial to milk production and postpartum estrus, as well as saving concentrate. At the same time, to ensure reasonable exercise for 1 to 2 hours per day, to promote the recovery of the cow's uterus, the cow is generally closed at 4 weeks after delivery, and the cow is given a reproductive system examination by rectal examination after 40 to 50 days of delivery. For cattle with normal uterus and ovary, intramuscular injection of complex VAD injection (VA 250,000 U and VD 25,000 U) 5 ~ 10 mL, VE injection 10 ~ 20 mL, use gonadotropin 2 mL, chloroproline 0.4-0.6 Mg artificial induced estrus, using artificial insemination technology, using two methods of insemination in the morning and evening, the cow should be pregnant again within 80 days after delivery, to ensure that the cow is 1 year.
The above is the whole content of the breeding management technology of breeding cows. The content of the article is reproduced from the headline number Jishan Huayao, and the favorite farmers can pay attention. What do you want to learn about cow farming?
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