[Flower-promoting cultivation principle and inhibition cultivation measures] In spring and summer, the flowers bloom in full bloom, giving people a beautiful visual enjoyment. In the cold winter, the open flowers cannot grow normally and the flowers are open. Therefore, in order to meet the needs of flowers in winter and early spring, it is necessary to use human environmental factors to control the surrounding environment on the basis of understanding the law of flower growth, so that the flowers are required to be opened according to people's wishes.
1 promote and inhibit the principle of cultivation
1.1 The requirements for light and temperature are different in each stage of flower growth and development.
Long-day flowers and short-day flowers are different in daylight and temperature, and even if they are the same flower, there are big differences in seedling stage and development stage due to various factors. If you artificially meet the growth and development conditions of a certain stage early, it will cause the flowers to bloom early or delay flowering.
1.2 The difference in temperature throughout the year makes the flower have a regular life alternating
Most flowers have a certain period of dormancy every year, which brings certain difficulties to the early flowering or early flowering and fruiting. Therefore, it is necessary to use artificial methods to disrupt the dormancy characteristics of flowers, so that they grow ahead of time and flower early. Therefore, in the actual cultivation process, it is necessary to separately grasp the growth and development laws of various flowers, and to be good at integrating various aspects and using them in production practice, so as to achieve the control effect on flower cultivation.
2 promote cultivation and inhibit cultivation measures
2.1 lighting treatment
The formation of plant flower buds is greatly influenced by the length of sunshine, so to master this characteristic, you can control the flowering period of flowers. To put it simply, long-day treatment of short-day flowers can delay flowering, while short-day treatment can be flowered in advance. Conversely, long-day treatment of long-day flowers can cause early flowering, while short-day treatment can delay flowering. At the same time, short daylighting plants can be used to delay flowering. On the contrary, long-day plants can be flowered in advance.
2.2 Temperature treatment
2.2.1 Heating treatment
Increasing the temperature can promote the growth and development of flowers, accelerate the internal metabolism, and promote nutrient accumulation and flower bud differentiation. For flowers that have formed flower buds for wintering at low temperatures in winter, they can be warmed up in early spring to break their dormancy and bloom in advance. If you want to plant flowers in advance, you can put them in the cold pot after the fall leaves in the autumn, and put them in the cold room until November, until about 10 days before the flowering, warm to 18 ° C, night temperature 12 ° C, Watering often, you can bloom at that time.
2.2.2 Low temperature treatment
Low-temperature treatment, also known as refrigerated treatment, is used to satisfy the wintering dormancy of plants, and to inhibit the growth of flowers that have formed flower buds and flower buds, mainly from three aspects. First, extend its dormancy period: all flowers and bulbs that need to sleep and winter can be refrigerated to delay their flowering time. Secondly, forced early dormancy: flowers that want to make the winter have been dormant in early spring, can bloom again in autumn. Now, in early spring, the flower buds are removed from the flower buds, so that the nutrients are concentrated and supplied to the branches and leaves. After the spring and summer to strengthen the management of water and fertilizer, the formation of flower buds will be formed in advance, and watering will be less in the late summer and early autumn and moved to the cold room. After a week, the leaves slowly fall off and go to sleep. After about one month, take it out to the natural temperature, or if someone warms up properly, the second flower can be reopened in late autumn. The third is to inhibit flowering: for flowers that have been contained, it is possible to delay flowering with cooling. In addition, some winter flowering flowers are treated with low temperature, which promotes the early flowering. After taking out the warming for a certain period of time before flowering, it can bloom in advance.
2.3 pharmaceutical treatment
2.3.1 Gibberellin
Soaking in 10~50mg/L GA solution for 24 hours can break the dormancy period of many garden flower seeds. For example, using GA3 to treat azaleas can replace low temperature to break dormancy.
2.3.2 auxin
Flower treatment can be carried out by using a stimulating agent for plant growth, and the flower can be flowered in advance or the flower can be enlarged. However, when using it, it is necessary to master the concentration of the drug used, and strengthen the management of light and water and fertilizer, otherwise the plant is vulnerable.
3 cultivation measures
Control the flowering period by changing the planting period, cutting, pruning and other measures of the flower, or in the cultivation technique, the drought treatment without watering or watering, or the method of removing the leaves, to control the flowering period and make it bloom in advance. Or delay flowering. At the same time, leaf picking is also a method of artificial forced dormancy, which can be combined with drought treatment to re-grow and achieve the second flowering effect.
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