As a staple crop in southern China, rice plays an important role in China. Rice is grown every year, so the choice of rice seeds is very important. Commercial rice seeds sold in the market are produced, processed and packaged in the first year, and sold in the following year. Therefore, seed storage is directly related to the quality of the seeds sold. Then how to store rice seeds, the details of rice seed storage are detailed below.
1, three kinds of matters needing attention
Due to the dew in the morning, the seeds harvested in the morning are higher, up to 28%-30%, and the seed water harvested in the afternoon can reach about 25%, which does not meet the storage standards and needs to be sun-dried. Normally, drying in sunny, sunny weather for 2-3 days can reduce the water to the storage standard. However, special attention should be paid to the following three points during the drying process:
First, it is not too early to prematurely in the morning. Because of the temperature difference between the site and the heated seeds, the water transfer will occur too much, resulting in insufficient drying and directly affecting the effect of sun-breeding;
Second, it should be turned over during the drying process to prevent the temperature from being too high and cause the phenomenon of waist exposure. The cement site should pay more attention to this problem;
Third, if mechanical drying is used, it should be noted that the drying temperature should not be too high. The correct way is to slowly dry at a suitable temperature to prevent burning of seeds.
2, grasp the two points of the storage standard
First, pay attention to temperature and moisture control: the main factors affecting rice seed storage are temperature and moisture. According to relevant test data: rice seed water content is 6%, rice seed can be stored for a long time when storage temperature is 0C; rice seed water content is low. At 13% safe for summer, the bud rate does not decrease; the rice seed moisture is higher than 14%, the seed storage is reduced to June of the following year, and the bud rate is decreasing; the rice seed moisture is stored at 15% or more. In August, the bud rate was almost zero. Therefore, the seed moisture should be paid attention to before the storage, and it is best to control the water below 13% before entering the warehouse.
The second is to clean and clear the warehouse before the seed is put into storage, to prevent the impurities or other varieties from mixing, leading to purity problems, and fumigation of the storage seeds according to relevant requirements.
Third, the seeds should be selected before storage, to ensure the progress of the seeds.
3. Precautions after storage
The activity of rice seeds will be affected by smoke. Therefore, attention should be paid to the effects of various types of smoke during storage. In particular, it should be kept away from the kitchen. When storing, use loosely permeable bags (sacks, textile bags, etc.) to pack bulk seeds. Seeds should be packed in plastic bags with poor permeability; they should not be mixed with other agricultural products such as pesticides and fertilizers and stored in the warehouse. The volatilization of other agricultural products will have an impact on the activity of rice seeds; (Check every three days within 15 days after storage, and then check it once every 10 days or more frequently), and check the seed moisture in time (we measure the seed water in the spring, autumn and winter, and every summer in the reservoir. Monthly measurement of moisture in the library seeds).
4, special considerations for low temperature cold storage
If too many seeds are produced in the same year, the seeds need to be stored for more than one year. It is best to store them in a cold storage. The storage of the cold storage seeds should be kept at 15 °C, and the relative humidity in the storage should be controlled at around 65%. Special personnel should be arranged to check the temperature and relative humidity in the cold storage at regular intervals every day. If abnormal conditions are found, they should be dealt with promptly.
5, the seed should be tested before the packaging
The purity of conventional field use is not less than 99%, the clarity is not less than 98%, the bud rate is not less than 85%, the moisture of japonica rice is not less than 13%, and the moisture of japonica rice is not less than 14.5%.
The hybrid field has a purity of not less than 96%, a purity of not less than 98%, a bud rate of not less than 80%, a moisture content of indica rice of not less than 13%, and a moisture content of indica rice of not less than 14.5%.
The quality of rice seeds is directly related to the growth and yield of rice planting, so it is very important to preserve the seed. The above is the five main points of rice seed storage. I hope everyone can pay attention to these issues.
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