On January 3, the British journal Nature reported on a new study in genomics: a human infant genome sequence dating from Alaska, which lived around 11,500 years ago, was determined. This is also the first direct genomic evidence to date, demonstrating that all Native American ancestors can be traced back to the same source population in a single migration event in the late Pleistocene.
Although it is generally believed that human beings first settled in the Americas through the Bering Continental Bridge in the Pleistocene (early Quaternary of the geological era), the specific time and manner is still a mystery. Fortunately, in 2013, scientists discovered the remains of two human babies at the Yanghe site in Alaska, dating back to around 11,500 years ago.
This time, the team of Ben Porter of the University of Massachusetts and the University of Copenhagen, Denmark, Eske Wilesler, used genomics technology to determine the genome-wide sequence of one of the infants, USR1. Although the DNA samples of another infant were not sufficient for genomic analysis, the studies showed that the two were close relatives.
After sequencing, they compared the USR1 infant sample with the previously determined contemporary, ancient Native American genome and found that the baby was closest to the current Native Americans. They believe that the USR1 infant sample represents a distinctly different population, called the “Ancient White Peopleâ€, and the ancestors of the “American White People†and other Native Americans originated from a single initial population, which was first at 36000. It was separated from East Asians about a year ago, but its gene flow continued until around 25,000 years ago.
These findings are consistent with the so-called “white-staying modelâ€â€”that is, when humans reach the Bering Sea Continental Bridge, they have no choice but to “set up†because of this model, and a descendant of a source population has been in the East. Bering lived at least 11500 years ago. But at that time, the other Native Americans had settled in the glaciers of North America and were divided into two groups, eventually becoming the ancestors of most Native Americans.
Editor-in-chief
A scientific experiment requires not only the research object and the target, but also the choice of research methods, including the choice of tools. Research geologic age, commonly used isotope mass spectrometer; trace the origin of life, gene sequencing is not allowed. When words, legends, and even ruins are unable to clarify historical trajectories, advanced measurement methods will “open†to speak. (Technology Daily)
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