First, the lack of symptoms of nutrients
1. Boron deficiency (B). Boron deficiency symptoms first appear on the fruit, and later with the increase of boron deficiency, symptoms appear on the leaves and shoots.
The lack of boron in apples, peaches, and apricots is similar in fruit, the fruits are carpented, and the tissue dries and shrinks. If boron deficiency occurs in the young fruit period, the fruit grows slowly and the fruit becomes smaller.
After the boron is dehydrated, it becomes rough, hard crusts, cracks appear on the fruit surface, but the flesh does not cork, and cracks can appear on any part of the fruit surface. However, in addition to the lack of boron, other factors may also cause cracks on the apricot fruit surface, the lack of boron on apples will produce abnormal fruit.
When the boron deficiency is severe, the shoots stop growing and return to dryness. The flowers are wilt, and the leaves are deformed. There are round leaves and bark necrosis.
Boron deficiency generally occurs in early spring. Initially, flower buds and leaf buds germinate in a delayed manner, then they die and the shoots return to dryness. By identifying the bark formation layer, it can be concluded that, compared with the overwintering shoots withered, the boron-depleted shoots withered were white, and the latter formed a layer that turned brown.
The lack of boron in the apple tree shows round-grown lobules at the tip of the new shoot. These round-leaflets sometimes become leafy. With the increase of boron deficiency, the leaves are getting smaller and smaller from bottom to top, and some species have stem and bark necrosis.
When the pears were deficient in boron, they developed apical buds very early and stopped growing. There were no symptoms of rouleau. The most common flowers are wilted when they are not in bloom, and the short branches of some of the flower buds are also normal, but they gradually wither after flowering. Trees with severe boron deficiency and even all flowers are wilting, and some new shoots are withered.
The severe symptoms of boron deficiency in pomegranate trees are that the buds germinate late, the spring shoots die, the leaves become smaller and become ear-like, and the leaves are hardened by hand. During the dormant period of winter, the shoots returned to their original position. In the second year of May and June, the dead branches also sprouted a large number of new shoots. The leaves were narrow and short.
Excessive boron fertilizer will cause poisoning in all fruit trees. Especially on light sandy lands, saplings are more susceptible to poisoning. The common phenomenon of poisoning is the outflow of sap or flow of glue and the death of new shoots.
Boron is not a constituent of cells in the tree, but it exists in the form of borate, which transports carbohydrates and participates in the differentiation process of meristems.
Carbohydrates can't be transported and accumulated in the tree body and they are very obvious. They are first expressed on the root tip, and the differentiated root cells are elongated and dead. Early spring began to happen, new shoots shoot. At the end of summer, the leaves are brown, and the petiole is red. The entire leaf is convex or distorted. Necrosis occurs at the tips of the leaves and edges of the leaves. The cells at the tips of the typical shoots are necrotic in the phloem and stratum. The organization under the leafhopper gradually developed to the top of the shoot as a "broom." In the spring, the growth is slow, and death from the top to the elder xylem may occur. The following lateral shoots grow new shoots that are "root-rooted" and often have a short life span. In the early spring or late summer, the new shoots that grow are very small and the leaves are thick and brittle. These leaves are not fully developed, and the leaf margins are smooth and not jagged.
Boron-deficient fruit also differs in the timing of boron deprivation: After the fruit trees have blossomed, they form a cork layer on the fruit trees before harvest. The fruit initially became water-stained and eventually turned into a canker and cork layer, resulting in malformed fruit, resulting in early fruit drop. The black-hearted tuberculosis occurred in the heart of the fruit, and the water-stained appearance of the small fruit occurred in the place where the green peel gradually changed. Hard, brown, shrinking. This fruit tends to fall early and the fruit has a bitter taste.
2. Zinc deficiency (Zn). The small leaves of fruit trees that grow out of zinc are often referred to as "lobular disease" or "cluster disease." The new shoots are severely shortened, causing the leaves to appear clustered and called "cluster leaves." In the case of "lobules," the leaf spacing is normal, but the leaves become smaller, sometimes full-tree shoots develop and sometimes occur locally.
When light zinc deficiency occurs in stone fruits, the leaves partially turn yellow, but the size is normal. When the zinc is severely deficient, the leaves are all yellow and narrow and short.
Zinc is an integral part of organic enzymes, and the light and the role of synthetic chlorophyll also have a certain zinc, zinc deficiency also affects the formation of chlorophyll, leaves yellow, often fruit trees on the sunny slopes have zinc deficiency symptoms, the lack of boron on the land is lack of zinc.
Zinc deficiency is more obvious symptoms are dead leaves, early spring shoots of the top of the rotation of the leaflets, there are spotted, new shoots may not have other parts of the leaves, like light branches, after the emergence of new shoots under the affected branches, the leaf when the growth is normal, after Gradually narrowing and lengthening, flower spots also appear. In the first year of victimization, shoots may appear, with few flower buds, small fruits and deformities. When the zinc deficiency is not so serious, the top branches have long sharp green leaves or variegated leaves.
Second, boron and zinc methods
After definite diagnosis of boron deficiency and zinc deficiency in fruit trees, they were applied once a year by means of ditching and axillary application. When fertilizing in spring, each adult tree was put into 50 kg of boron fertilizer and zinc fertilizer. Firstly, in the periphery of the canopy, a circular semicircular groove with a depth of 30 cm and a width of 30 cm was dug. The boron fertilizer and zinc fertilizer were applied simultaneously with organic matter in the ditch, water was poured after application, and the soil was covered with water after drying.
During the growth period of fruit trees, boron and zinc were found to be fertilized at any time, and 1 to 2 years old fruit trees were each given 25 grams of boron and zinc fertilizer. After 2 years of application, it will stop for 1 year and will not be fertilized after normal growth.
In the flowering period of fruit trees, 0.5% of boron fertilizer is sprayed on the flowers and leaves with 0.5% boron to increase the fruit quality and yield.
1. Boron deficiency (B). Boron deficiency symptoms first appear on the fruit, and later with the increase of boron deficiency, symptoms appear on the leaves and shoots.
The lack of boron in apples, peaches, and apricots is similar in fruit, the fruits are carpented, and the tissue dries and shrinks. If boron deficiency occurs in the young fruit period, the fruit grows slowly and the fruit becomes smaller.
After the boron is dehydrated, it becomes rough, hard crusts, cracks appear on the fruit surface, but the flesh does not cork, and cracks can appear on any part of the fruit surface. However, in addition to the lack of boron, other factors may also cause cracks on the apricot fruit surface, the lack of boron on apples will produce abnormal fruit.
When the boron deficiency is severe, the shoots stop growing and return to dryness. The flowers are wilt, and the leaves are deformed. There are round leaves and bark necrosis.
Boron deficiency generally occurs in early spring. Initially, flower buds and leaf buds germinate in a delayed manner, then they die and the shoots return to dryness. By identifying the bark formation layer, it can be concluded that, compared with the overwintering shoots withered, the boron-depleted shoots withered were white, and the latter formed a layer that turned brown.
The lack of boron in the apple tree shows round-grown lobules at the tip of the new shoot. These round-leaflets sometimes become leafy. With the increase of boron deficiency, the leaves are getting smaller and smaller from bottom to top, and some species have stem and bark necrosis.
When the pears were deficient in boron, they developed apical buds very early and stopped growing. There were no symptoms of rouleau. The most common flowers are wilted when they are not in bloom, and the short branches of some of the flower buds are also normal, but they gradually wither after flowering. Trees with severe boron deficiency and even all flowers are wilting, and some new shoots are withered.
The severe symptoms of boron deficiency in pomegranate trees are that the buds germinate late, the spring shoots die, the leaves become smaller and become ear-like, and the leaves are hardened by hand. During the dormant period of winter, the shoots returned to their original position. In the second year of May and June, the dead branches also sprouted a large number of new shoots. The leaves were narrow and short.
Excessive boron fertilizer will cause poisoning in all fruit trees. Especially on light sandy lands, saplings are more susceptible to poisoning. The common phenomenon of poisoning is the outflow of sap or flow of glue and the death of new shoots.
Boron is not a constituent of cells in the tree, but it exists in the form of borate, which transports carbohydrates and participates in the differentiation process of meristems.
Carbohydrates can't be transported and accumulated in the tree body and they are very obvious. They are first expressed on the root tip, and the differentiated root cells are elongated and dead. Early spring began to happen, new shoots shoot. At the end of summer, the leaves are brown, and the petiole is red. The entire leaf is convex or distorted. Necrosis occurs at the tips of the leaves and edges of the leaves. The cells at the tips of the typical shoots are necrotic in the phloem and stratum. The organization under the leafhopper gradually developed to the top of the shoot as a "broom." In the spring, the growth is slow, and death from the top to the elder xylem may occur. The following lateral shoots grow new shoots that are "root-rooted" and often have a short life span. In the early spring or late summer, the new shoots that grow are very small and the leaves are thick and brittle. These leaves are not fully developed, and the leaf margins are smooth and not jagged.
Boron-deficient fruit also differs in the timing of boron deprivation: After the fruit trees have blossomed, they form a cork layer on the fruit trees before harvest. The fruit initially became water-stained and eventually turned into a canker and cork layer, resulting in malformed fruit, resulting in early fruit drop. The black-hearted tuberculosis occurred in the heart of the fruit, and the water-stained appearance of the small fruit occurred in the place where the green peel gradually changed. Hard, brown, shrinking. This fruit tends to fall early and the fruit has a bitter taste.
2. Zinc deficiency (Zn). The small leaves of fruit trees that grow out of zinc are often referred to as "lobular disease" or "cluster disease." The new shoots are severely shortened, causing the leaves to appear clustered and called "cluster leaves." In the case of "lobules," the leaf spacing is normal, but the leaves become smaller, sometimes full-tree shoots develop and sometimes occur locally.
When light zinc deficiency occurs in stone fruits, the leaves partially turn yellow, but the size is normal. When the zinc is severely deficient, the leaves are all yellow and narrow and short.
Zinc is an integral part of organic enzymes, and the light and the role of synthetic chlorophyll also have a certain zinc, zinc deficiency also affects the formation of chlorophyll, leaves yellow, often fruit trees on the sunny slopes have zinc deficiency symptoms, the lack of boron on the land is lack of zinc.
Zinc deficiency is more obvious symptoms are dead leaves, early spring shoots of the top of the rotation of the leaflets, there are spotted, new shoots may not have other parts of the leaves, like light branches, after the emergence of new shoots under the affected branches, the leaf when the growth is normal, after Gradually narrowing and lengthening, flower spots also appear. In the first year of victimization, shoots may appear, with few flower buds, small fruits and deformities. When the zinc deficiency is not so serious, the top branches have long sharp green leaves or variegated leaves.
Second, boron and zinc methods
After definite diagnosis of boron deficiency and zinc deficiency in fruit trees, they were applied once a year by means of ditching and axillary application. When fertilizing in spring, each adult tree was put into 50 kg of boron fertilizer and zinc fertilizer. Firstly, in the periphery of the canopy, a circular semicircular groove with a depth of 30 cm and a width of 30 cm was dug. The boron fertilizer and zinc fertilizer were applied simultaneously with organic matter in the ditch, water was poured after application, and the soil was covered with water after drying.
During the growth period of fruit trees, boron and zinc were found to be fertilized at any time, and 1 to 2 years old fruit trees were each given 25 grams of boron and zinc fertilizer. After 2 years of application, it will stop for 1 year and will not be fertilized after normal growth.
In the flowering period of fruit trees, 0.5% of boron fertilizer is sprayed on the flowers and leaves with 0.5% boron to increase the fruit quality and yield.
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