Elemental composition and structure of humic acid
Humic acid (HA) is a mixture of organic and weak organic acids formed by the decomposition and transformation of animal and plant residues through microorganisms and a series of geochemical processes. Humic acid organic elements mainly include C, H, O, N, S, etc. The structure of humic acid is very complex. It contains various functional groups such as carboxyl group, phenolic hydroxyl group, alcoholic hydroxyl group, and thiol group. The carboxyl group and phenolic hydroxyl group are rot. Proteic acid is the main active group. The main components of humic acid are fulvic acid, fulvic acid and black humic acid. Among them, fulvic acid (FA) has the advantages of small molecular weight, high activity and good effect, and is the essence of humic acid.
Chemical properties of humic acid
The acidic functional groups of humic acid, such as carboxyl and phenolic hydroxyl groups, have a chelating ability for metal ions, which can greatly increase the bioavailability of metal ions. Humic acid also has a strong biological activity. Humic acid not only improves soil physical and chemical properties, improves fertilizer efficiency, and activates soil nutrients, thereby improving the growth environment of the crop. At the same time, humic acid itself also promotes the growth of crop roots and enhances the crop The absorption, accumulation, and transport of nutrients promotes respiration, increases the activity of biological enzymes, and increases the resilience of plants and other biological activities.
Application of Humic Acid in Agriculture
Soil Improvement with Humic Acid Scientific studies have shown that soil fertility depends to a large extent on the amount of humic acid in the soil. A series of characteristics of humic acids, such as cation exchange capacity, oxygen content, and ability to retain moisture, are the main reasons why humic acids increase soil fertility and promote plant growth. The most important is that humic acids can be combined with metal cations, oxygen, and oxyhydroxides to release them slowly for crop use. Due to these characteristics, humic acids can play physical, chemical, and ecological aspects in soil improvement. And other effects.
First, humic acid can improve the physical structure of the soil. Humic acid can promote the formation of mitochondria and enhance the ability of soil to retain water and fertility. For harder sites such as saline-alkali land, it can improve the ventilation and ventilation of the soil to change the physical and chemical properties of strong soil alkalinity, scattered soil particles and poor soil structure. , improve the farming conditions. Humic acid also has a good improvement effect on the white soil and red loam soil. Humic acid can hydrate the surface of the soil through gluing combinations to prevent soil cracking and soil erosion. Further soft soils increase soil gas permeability and increase soil utilization, increase soil drought resistance, make soil color blacker, and are more conducive to solar absorption.
Second, humic acid has the following effects in improving soil chemical properties. Neutralizes the acidity and alkalinity of the soil and adjusts the pH value; It can chelate metal cations to facilitate the absorption and utilization of the roots; Maintain moisture in the roots of crops, can dissolve inorganic fertilizers and reduce their loss; Reduce phosphorus and calcium, iron, magnesium, The aluminum reacts or converts them from the inactive state to a form that can be absorbed by the plant; it can reduce the toxic substances in the soil.
The synergistic effect of humic acid on humic acid Humic acid can adsorb, exchange, and activate many mineral elements in the soil, such as nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, calcium, magnesium, etc., which greatly increase the effectiveness of these elements, thus improving crops. The nutritional conditions. It acts as a synergist in chemical fertilizers and reduces the adverse effects of chemical fertilizers on the physical and chemical properties of the soil.
The effect of nitrogen fertilizers on the performance is: reduce the loss of nitrogen volatilization, promote nitrogen absorption, and increase nitrogen fertilizer utilization. The speed of organic nitrogen mineralization in the soil is accelerated, and the content of soil available nitrogen is increased.
The synergies of phosphate fertilizers are as follows: reducing the fixation of available phosphorus in the soil, playing a role in the solution of phosphorus, so that the insoluble phosphate in the soil is converted into effective phosphorus, and the absorption of phosphorus by crops is promoted. Increase the effective utilization of phosphate fertilizer, promote the conversion of organic and inorganic phosphorus in soil, increase the distance of phosphorus in soil, and stimulate the development of crop roots.
The potentiation of potash fertilizers is shown in the following: it can reduce the absorption and fixation of potassium in the soil and improve the availability of available potassium. Promoting the release of insoluble potassium and increasing the amount of available potassium can alleviate the adverse effects of potassium fertilizer on soil and crops, and has a good effect on improving crop quality.
In addition, fulvic acid also has a significant synergistic effect on trace elements. Humic acid can also undergo chelation reaction with insoluble trace elements to produce humic acid trace element chelates that are soluble and easily absorbed by plants, and are beneficial to root or leaf surface absorption.
The effect of humic acid on the growth and development of crops Humic acid stimulates plant enzyme activity and increases yield; stimulates the reproduction and growth of beneficial microscopic organisms in the soil; improves the cold-resistance, drought resistance, and resistance to pests and diseases; stimulates root growth and development Promote the respiration of the roots; promote the formation of chlorophyll and the formation of sugar and amino acids in the plant, thereby enhancing the light and effects; increase the content of minerals and vitamins in plants; thicken the cell wall of the fruit and extend its storage time; Germination. By accelerating cell division, it stimulates the growth of plants; increases the yield of crops, while improving quality, improving its physical appearance and nutritional value.
Based on the numerous advantages of humic acid in soils, fertilizers, and crops, the combined application of humic acid and chemical fertilizers shows good prospects for development. Compound fertilizers produced from humic acid and chemical fertilizers as main raw materials have formed a scale. Production. As one of the main components of compound fertilizer raw materials, humic acid has been widely used in fertilizer production. The application of humic acid in fertilizers is an inevitable trend for the development of environmentally friendly fertilizers in the future. It will eventually become an important member of the fertilizer family. .
Humic acid (HA) is a mixture of organic and weak organic acids formed by the decomposition and transformation of animal and plant residues through microorganisms and a series of geochemical processes. Humic acid organic elements mainly include C, H, O, N, S, etc. The structure of humic acid is very complex. It contains various functional groups such as carboxyl group, phenolic hydroxyl group, alcoholic hydroxyl group, and thiol group. The carboxyl group and phenolic hydroxyl group are rot. Proteic acid is the main active group. The main components of humic acid are fulvic acid, fulvic acid and black humic acid. Among them, fulvic acid (FA) has the advantages of small molecular weight, high activity and good effect, and is the essence of humic acid.
Chemical properties of humic acid
The acidic functional groups of humic acid, such as carboxyl and phenolic hydroxyl groups, have a chelating ability for metal ions, which can greatly increase the bioavailability of metal ions. Humic acid also has a strong biological activity. Humic acid not only improves soil physical and chemical properties, improves fertilizer efficiency, and activates soil nutrients, thereby improving the growth environment of the crop. At the same time, humic acid itself also promotes the growth of crop roots and enhances the crop The absorption, accumulation, and transport of nutrients promotes respiration, increases the activity of biological enzymes, and increases the resilience of plants and other biological activities.
Application of Humic Acid in Agriculture
Soil Improvement with Humic Acid Scientific studies have shown that soil fertility depends to a large extent on the amount of humic acid in the soil. A series of characteristics of humic acids, such as cation exchange capacity, oxygen content, and ability to retain moisture, are the main reasons why humic acids increase soil fertility and promote plant growth. The most important is that humic acids can be combined with metal cations, oxygen, and oxyhydroxides to release them slowly for crop use. Due to these characteristics, humic acids can play physical, chemical, and ecological aspects in soil improvement. And other effects.
First, humic acid can improve the physical structure of the soil. Humic acid can promote the formation of mitochondria and enhance the ability of soil to retain water and fertility. For harder sites such as saline-alkali land, it can improve the ventilation and ventilation of the soil to change the physical and chemical properties of strong soil alkalinity, scattered soil particles and poor soil structure. , improve the farming conditions. Humic acid also has a good improvement effect on the white soil and red loam soil. Humic acid can hydrate the surface of the soil through gluing combinations to prevent soil cracking and soil erosion. Further soft soils increase soil gas permeability and increase soil utilization, increase soil drought resistance, make soil color blacker, and are more conducive to solar absorption.
Second, humic acid has the following effects in improving soil chemical properties. Neutralizes the acidity and alkalinity of the soil and adjusts the pH value; It can chelate metal cations to facilitate the absorption and utilization of the roots; Maintain moisture in the roots of crops, can dissolve inorganic fertilizers and reduce their loss; Reduce phosphorus and calcium, iron, magnesium, The aluminum reacts or converts them from the inactive state to a form that can be absorbed by the plant; it can reduce the toxic substances in the soil.
The synergistic effect of humic acid on humic acid Humic acid can adsorb, exchange, and activate many mineral elements in the soil, such as nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, calcium, magnesium, etc., which greatly increase the effectiveness of these elements, thus improving crops. The nutritional conditions. It acts as a synergist in chemical fertilizers and reduces the adverse effects of chemical fertilizers on the physical and chemical properties of the soil.
The effect of nitrogen fertilizers on the performance is: reduce the loss of nitrogen volatilization, promote nitrogen absorption, and increase nitrogen fertilizer utilization. The speed of organic nitrogen mineralization in the soil is accelerated, and the content of soil available nitrogen is increased.
The synergies of phosphate fertilizers are as follows: reducing the fixation of available phosphorus in the soil, playing a role in the solution of phosphorus, so that the insoluble phosphate in the soil is converted into effective phosphorus, and the absorption of phosphorus by crops is promoted. Increase the effective utilization of phosphate fertilizer, promote the conversion of organic and inorganic phosphorus in soil, increase the distance of phosphorus in soil, and stimulate the development of crop roots.
The potentiation of potash fertilizers is shown in the following: it can reduce the absorption and fixation of potassium in the soil and improve the availability of available potassium. Promoting the release of insoluble potassium and increasing the amount of available potassium can alleviate the adverse effects of potassium fertilizer on soil and crops, and has a good effect on improving crop quality.
In addition, fulvic acid also has a significant synergistic effect on trace elements. Humic acid can also undergo chelation reaction with insoluble trace elements to produce humic acid trace element chelates that are soluble and easily absorbed by plants, and are beneficial to root or leaf surface absorption.
The effect of humic acid on the growth and development of crops Humic acid stimulates plant enzyme activity and increases yield; stimulates the reproduction and growth of beneficial microscopic organisms in the soil; improves the cold-resistance, drought resistance, and resistance to pests and diseases; stimulates root growth and development Promote the respiration of the roots; promote the formation of chlorophyll and the formation of sugar and amino acids in the plant, thereby enhancing the light and effects; increase the content of minerals and vitamins in plants; thicken the cell wall of the fruit and extend its storage time; Germination. By accelerating cell division, it stimulates the growth of plants; increases the yield of crops, while improving quality, improving its physical appearance and nutritional value.
Based on the numerous advantages of humic acid in soils, fertilizers, and crops, the combined application of humic acid and chemical fertilizers shows good prospects for development. Compound fertilizers produced from humic acid and chemical fertilizers as main raw materials have formed a scale. Production. As one of the main components of compound fertilizer raw materials, humic acid has been widely used in fertilizer production. The application of humic acid in fertilizers is an inevitable trend for the development of environmentally friendly fertilizers in the future. It will eventually become an important member of the fertilizer family. .
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