U.S. black Lee is named differently everywhere. Some places are called black rose plums, black amber plums, black browns, black libes, beautiful plums, etc. Because the variety was introduced from the United States, the color of the fruit is purple black. Call it American Black Lee.
The variety has wide adaptability, rapid growth, early results and high yield. Planted in March of that year, the second year each fruit can produce 2-3 kilograms, the third year fruit production can reach more than 20 kilograms, single fruit weight 80-120
Grams, the skin is purple-black, the flesh is yellow, the juice is sweet, the sugar is over 13 degrees, the quality is excellent, the edible rate is over 95%, the ripening period of the planting fruit in Yuebei, Guangdong is from the end of May to the beginning of June, The long-term stability of the fruit price in the Guangzhou market at 8 yuan/kg or more is a worthwhile development of fruit varieties with a wide market prospect. The main points of suitable cultivation environment and main cultivation techniques are described below:
First, suitable for planting areas:
The species is not afraid of heat afraid of freezing, winter temperature in the case of -28.3 °C without frost damage. However, the high temperatures in winter show inefficient results. According to the results of the survey, the introduction of the results is only suitable for the areas with frost in winter, otherwise the results will be insignificant or the yield will be low.
Second, the main cultivation techniques:
1. Selection of land: Li Shu has strong adaptability, and can be planted on slopes and flat lands. It is best to choose land with deep soil, good drainage, and sunny backsliding.
2. Planting specifications: It is recommended to use 43 meters or 3.53.5 meters, that is, about 60 acres planted.
3. Planting time: spring and autumn planting can be, autumn planting time is 11-12 months, with spring planting as well.
4. Planting requirements: (1) Digging pits must be planted and base fertilizer must be applied. (2) Pollination trees within the orchard should not be less than 10%. It is recommended that American red plums be used as pollination trees. Since most varieties of plum trees are self-contained, they can increase yield.
5. Field Management:
(A) Fertilization: The young tree is dominated by nitrogenous shoots. Before spring and summer shoots sprout, urea or decomposed manure can be applied to promote shoot growth.
(B) Result tree fertilization: The first application of flowering fertilizer is applied 10 days before budding, and the second application of strong fruit fertilizer is performed. In the rapid expansion of small fruit, the first and second fertilization use nitrogen, Phosphorus, potassium fertilizer-based. The third fertilization, after the fruit is applied, is dominated by organic fertilizers such as peanut bran and chicken manure. Plus a small amount of urea, the fourth time in the winter, combined with deep-turning to improve the soil, digging points apply a variety of organic fertilizer, soil miscellaneous fertilizer.
(2) Shaping, trimming
A. Juvenile tree shaping, pruning: The shaping of the juvenile tree is usually a natural happy shape, that is, it is dried in the first year after colonization, and is truncated at 60-80 cm from the ground, and 3-4 branches are selected from the branches that were sprouted in the current year. As the main branch, when the main branch is 50-60 centimeters long, it should be shortened. When it is short, care should be taken to cut outwards. After constant pruning and shaping, the tree shape is basically formed.
B, the results of tree pruning; Li to short fruit branches and the results of the results of the main branch of the results, so the results of tree pruning should be appropriate to form a short fruit branch and a bouquet of fruit as a goal, should be based on age, tree vigor and other conditions to trim. Moderate short cuts and thinning of long and middle fruiting branches. One-meter or more long fruiting branches should be about 1/3 shorter, and the middle fruiting branch should be 1/2 short. For short-fruiting branches and bouquet-shaped fruiting branches, they should not be cut short, and only suitable for removing excessively dense branches; for dead branches, diseases and pests, etc. Pendulous branches and slender twigs should be cut in time to ensure good light, reduce nutrient consumption and spread of diseases and insects.
(3) Pest control
Lee's main diseases are: fluid gum disease, anthrax, black spot and so on. Prevention and control methods: The main problems of fluid injection are prevention, timely control of pests, reduction of wounds, prevention of mechanical damage, whitening of trunks in winter, etc.; prevention and treatment can use antiseptic drugs such as anthrax, carbendazim and thiophanate-methyl. Insect pests mainly include: aphids, scale insects, and red neck beetles. Control methods include: 1 Clearing the garden in winter, burning the egg branches, and reducing the insects in the following year. 2 The use of insecticides such as trichlorfon and imidacloprid during the leaf development period and flowering period can all have good results.
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