Release date: 2008-09-08
Cui Wei Takeshi Kondo Hirofumi Anno Guo Yuyin Takahisa Sato Masayoshi SaraiHitoshi Shinozaki Satoshi Kakizawa Atsushi Sugiura Keita Oshima Kazuhiro Katada Hitoshi Hishida [Abstract] Objectives (1) Determine the optimal layer thickness of the ventricular volume calculated by the Simpson method; (2) Evaluate the multi-slice spiral CT to calculate the ventricle The accuracy of the volume. Methods The left ventricular cast and 15 right ventricular casts of 14 individuals were scanned using a multi-slice spiral CT (Toshiba Aquilion) scanning system. The left and right ventricular short-axis multiplanar remodeling (MPR) images were reconstructed with layer thicknesses of 2.0, 3.5, 5.0, 7. 0, and 10. 0 mm, respectively. The volume of the left and right ventricular casts was calculated using the standard Simpson method. The actual volume of the ventricular cast is calculated by the capacity of the mold to exclude water. Results The calculated ventricular volume of each layer was overestimated by the actual volume of the corresponding ventricle [ left ventricular high estimate between ( 3. 21 ± 5.95) ml to ( 12. 58 ± 8.56) ml, right ventricle The high estimate is between ( 10. 22 ± 8.45) ml to ( 23. 91 ± 12.24) ml]. The calculated ventricular volume of each layer thickness is highly correlated with the corresponding actual ventricular volume (left ventricular r value > 0.97, right ventricular r value > 0.05); ventricular volume overestimation and selected layer thickness Significant positive correlation (left ventricular r = 0. 998, right ventricle r = 0. 996). When the layer thickness was reduced to 5 mm, the calculated high estimate of the ventricular volume versus the actual volume was no longer statistically different from the 2 mm layer thickness. Conclusion The 5 mm layer thickness is the most efficient layer thickness when using the multi-row Simpson method to calculate left and right ventricular volumes. MSCT can accurately calculate left and right ventricular volumes. [Keywords] tomography, X-ray computed; cardiac volume; hemodynamics, accel acy of ventr icular volume measur ement and the opt ima l slice thickness by using mult islicehelica l computed tomogr aphy CUI Wei* , Takeshi Kondo, Hirofumi Anno, GUO Yu-yin, TakahisaSato, Masayoshi Sa rai, Hitoshi Shinozaki, Satoshi Kakizawa, Atsushi Sugiura, Keita Oshima, Kazuhiro Katada, Hitoshi Hishida. * Depa rtment of Ca rdiology, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijia zhua ng 050000 , China [Abstra ct ] Object ive To determine the optimal slice thickness for ventricular volume measurement by tomographic multislice Simpson's method and to evaluate the accuracy of ventricular volume measured by multislice helical computed tomography ( MSCT ) in human ventricular casts. Methods Fourteen humanleft ventricular ( LV) and 15 right ventricular ( RV) casts were scanned with MSCT scanner by using ascanning protocol similar to clinical practice. A series of LV and RV short-axis image s were reconstructedwith slice thickness of 2 mm, 3. 5 mm, 5 mm, 7 mm, and 10 mm, respectively. Multislice Simpson'smethod was used to calculate LV and RV volumes and true cast volume was determined by waterdisplacement. Result s The True LV and RV volumes were ( 55. 57 ± 28.91) ml, and ( 64. 23 ± 24.51 ) ml, respectively. The calculated volumes from dranged from ( 58. 78 ± 28.93) ml to ( 68 15 ±32. 57 ) ml for LV casts, and ( 74. 45 ±27. 81 ) ml to ( 88. 14 ±32. 91) ml for RV casts,respectively. Both the calculated LV and RV volumes The corresponding true volumes( all r > 0. 95, P < 0. 001) , but overestimated the corresponding true volume by ( 3. 21 ± 5.95) to ( 12. 58 ± 8.56) ml for LV and ( 10. 22 ±8. 45) to ( 23. 91 ±12. 24) ml for RV ( all P < 0. 01) . There was a closecorrelation between the overestimation and the selected slice thickness for both LV and RV volumemeasurements ( r = 0. 998 and 0. 996, P < 0.001) . However, when slice thickness Was reduced to 5. 0 mm, the overestimation became nonsignmm to 5. 0 mm, and also for both LV and RV volume measurements . Conclusion Both LV and RV volumes can be accurately calculated with MSCT. A 5 mm slice thickness is enough and most efficient for Accurate measurement of LV and RVvolume. [Key wor ds] Tomography, X-ray computed; Cardiac volume; Hemodynamics
Source: Meditech Medical Network
Foot of ningxia hong xingda incense Organic Apple fruit suborbicular, fruit surface color yellow green, most with orange chardonnay fruit surface, covered with bright red stripes, pulp yellow-white, succulent crisp, sweet, rich fragrance, quality first-class; The fruit has a sugar content of over 15%, more than 4% of the national average, and the flesh is tight and crisp and sweet, which is widely loved by consumers all over the world. There is a longer optimal consumption date than any other apple, not even refrigerated. It can be kept for 4 months at normal temperature. If refrigerated, Fuji can be kept for 5--7 months.
Altitude: high altitude area light, clean air, environment close to original condition, no industrial pollution. With an average elevation of 1160-2900m, the central health center has a strong uv light, which produces the natural pollution-free apple, which conforms to the concept of a modern green diet.
Temperature: moderate temperature can avoid the chance of fruit tree encountering disease. The average temperature in ningxia is 8.4 degrees Celsius, which has an important influence on the growth, development, yield and quality of apple. The piedmont apple is thriving in such a good environment.
Humidity environment: moderate amount of rainfall provides necessary conditions for apple's growth. The annual rainfall in the central health region is 186 millimeters. The fruit is slow to grow and the fruit is hard and hard, which fully guarantees the fruit's sugar content and the relatively average size of apples.
Sunshine condition: apple is the fruit tree, the central health area of the whole year is nearly 3,800 hours, is beneficial to the Apple Fruit coloring. The piedmont apples are red and bright.
Temperature difference factors: ambassador apple nighttime respiration weak temperature gap between day and night, consume less organic matter, the accumulation of organic matter during the day more, that apple store down a large number of glucose sugar candy, etc have better taste. The average diurnal temperature difference between apple and apple is 14 degrees centigrade, and the larger diurnal temperature difference ensures the sweet and delicious characteristics of the apple.
Other factors: frost can make apple blossom and fruit, which can cause frozen flower jelly, which is bad for apple's production. The piedmont apple has been kept at least 167 days without frost for the whole year, which minimizes the influence of apple on yield and quality.
Selenium-Rich Apple,Rich Selenium Apple,Fresh Apple,Fresh Sweet Apple
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