Snail shells bring inspiration Researchers develop new body armor

Nature's creatures can always bring a variety of inspirations to human society. A few days ago, researchers who are studying new armor suits such as bulletproof helmets and helmets have once again been inspired by animals. Inspired by this inspiration, the new generation of military armor equipment, which is lighter and more protective, is expected to be developed and put into use in recent years.

According to the report of the National Geographic magazine on July 17, Benjamin Brownitt is an engineering graduate student of the Massachusetts Institute of Technology and a member of the new generation armor research team. The research team received funding from the U.S. military and is working to develop new armor materials that can protect the lives of soldiers on the battlefield.

Breitt and his colleagues have already tested horns, antler, scales and other natural materials in the natural world to study how various animals are self-protected in the wild. Their research results can be used to develop new, more effective protective materials for military equipment such as helmets and body armor.

According to Breuit, "in the next few years, soldiers are expected to benefit from our findings." Within a decade, there will be tremendous progress in the field of armor materials, and military armor equipment It will be reformed."

Currently, the research team has focused its work on the molluscs, the material of the inner layer of Trochus niloticus and its outer shell. The hard outer shell of the horseshoe protects its soft body from other animals. The inner layer of the snail shell is composed of a mother-of-pearl layer.

95% of the mother-of-pearl layer is a more fragile ceramic calcium carbonate, and the other 5% is a soft, flexible biopolymer. Bluit calls this biopolymer a "organic glue." He said that under the microscope, the two substances that make up the mother-of-pearl layer seem to be combined in the form of a “brick and mortar” structure. Numerous tiny “ceramic dishes” are stacked like coins and are made of living things. Polymers bind them together.

Breit said that this particular structure of the mother-of-pearl layer has been famous since its discovery. However, scientists still try to understand what makes it so strong. Buryt explained that the power needed to break a pearl shell is twice the size of the force that the structure should be able to withstand. "Therefore, there should be some additional, more microscopic mechanisms at work. Let the mother-of-pearl layer have a much better effect in resisting cracking."

In order to find out what makes the mother-of-pearl layer so strong, what Breitt and his colleagues are currently studying is how this material is organized within the nanoscale range. One nanometer is a billionth of a meter, and one human hair has a width of about 80,000 nanometers.

The researchers used an atomic force microscope to scan the microstructure inside the mother-of-pearl layer. The microscope plots the surface of these "ceramic discs" with a laser beam. According to Bruitz, the secret to the toughness of the mother-of-pearl layer is that it is precisely how these glue-like biopolymers bind these "ceramic discs" together.

The key to the problem, he said, lies in the fact that, at the nanoscale level, the complex interactions between biopolymers and calcium carbonate grains, as well as the inherent properties of these components. The researchers found that each individual "ceramic disk" was separated by biopolymers, and that each "ceramic disk" surface was covered with a nanometer-sized protrusion. Biopolymer molecules are attached to these protrusions.

Breit said that the current research focus of the research group is on the relationship between the "ceramic disc" and the biopolymer "glue". The researchers hope that in the next few years, the nanostructures of the mother-of-pearl layer can be successfully replicated to create more secure and reliable military helmets, body armor, and car bodies. At present, although armor and armor-proof armor and other armor equipment are very good in terms of performance, but its heavy weight can be regarded as "flying in the ointment." This research by Breitt and his colleagues is expected to solve this problem.

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