Banlangen, also known as Daqing Root, is a traditional medicinal plant widely used in treating various conditions such as hepatitis, influenza, sore throat, and embolism. In recent years, due to the demand during the SARS outbreak and increased public awareness of health, the demand for Banlangen has surged, leading to shortages and more refined processing methods. Here are the key steps for cultivating this valuable herb:
First, selecting and preparing the land is crucial. Choose a flat area with well-drained sandy loam soil that is rich in nutrients. After wheat harvest, till the soil to a depth of about 30 cm, then break up the clods, level the ground, and create raised beds measuring 1.5 to 2.5 meters wide. Mix in 2000–3000 kg of organic manure, 50 kg of ammonium bicarbonate, and 40 kg of calcium superphosphate, or alternatively 100 kg of wood ash per mu (approx. 667 square meters) to enrich the soil.
Second, timely sowing is essential. The best time to sow Banlangen is just before or after the "Mountain Seed" season, preferably as early as possible. Soak the seeds in warm water (30–40°C) for 3 hours before planting. Dry them slightly and mix with ash or fine sand for even distribution. You can either broadcast the seeds or drill them at a spacing of 20–25 cm. Use a seed drill to create furrows about 3 cm deep, then evenly spread the seeds and cover them with 1.5 cm of soil. A total of about 2 kg of seeds per mu is recommended. Germination usually occurs within 7–10 days.
Third, field management plays a vital role in ensuring healthy growth. When the seedlings reach 6–8 cm in height, thinning should be done to avoid overcrowding. Once they grow to about 10 cm, transplant them with a spacing of 6–9 cm. Regular weeding and watering are necessary to keep the soil moist, especially during dry periods. Harvest leaves periodically, and after each harvest, apply 5–8 kg of ammonium sulfate or 10 kg of urea per acre to promote new leaf growth. If no leaves are harvested, reduce fertilizer use. During the rainy season, ensure proper drainage to prevent waterlogging, which can lead to diseases.
Fourth, pest and disease control is essential. To manage downy mildew, clear the field thoroughly after harvest and burn infected plants. Practice crop rotation and remove excess water promptly. In the early stages of infection, spray 1:1:100 Bordeaux mixture or 65% zinc phosphonate wettable powder diluted 500 times. Repeat every 7 days for 2–3 applications. For sclerotinia, rotate crops, apply phosphorus and potassium fertilizers early, and maintain good air circulation. Apply sulfur compounds around the roots. For root rot, spray 50% carbendazim at 100 times dilution or 70% thiophanate-methyl at 1000 times dilution. Remove infected plants and irrigate with 1:1:100 Bordeaux mixture. Ensure proper drainage to prevent disease spread. Control Pieris rapae by spraying 90% trichlorfon at 800 times dilution during larval stages. For locusts, use 40% dimethoate at 800 or 1000 times dilution.
Finally, harvesting typically takes place in late October. Choose a sunny day, cut the leaves, dry them, and use them as medicinal leaves. When digging the roots, dig deeply using a fork to extract the roots cleanly. Wash off the dirt, dry them thoroughly, and prepare them for market.
By following these detailed steps, you can successfully cultivate Banlangen, ensuring both quality and yield. Whether for medicinal use or commercial purposes, proper care and attention throughout the growing process will significantly improve the final product.
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