Banlangen, also known as Daqing Root, is a traditional Chinese medicinal plant widely used for treating various ailments such as hepatitis, influenza, sore throat, and even embolism. In recent years, due to the outbreak of SARS and growing public demand, the market has seen a surge in interest, leading to increased cultivation and a shortage of supply. To meet this demand, proper cultivation techniques are essential. Here’s a detailed guide on how to grow Banlangen effectively:
First, selecting and preparing the land is crucial. Choose a well-drained, fertile sandy loam soil with good irrigation and drainage facilities. After wheat harvest, till the soil to a depth of about 30 cm, then break up the clods and level the field. Create raised beds that are 1.5 to 2.5 meters wide. Mix in 2000–3000 kg of organic manure, 50 kg of ammonium bicarbonate, and 40 kg of calcium superphosphate, or alternatively, 100 kg of wood ash per mu (approx. 667 m²).
Next, timely sowing is important. Summer sowing should be done around the "Mountain Seed" period, and the earlier the better. Before planting, soak the seeds in warm water (30–40°C) for 3 hours, then dry them and mix with ash or fine sand. You can broadcast or drill the seeds. Drill at a spacing of 20–25 cm, making furrows about 3 cm deep. Evenly spread the seeds in the furrow and cover with 1.5 cm of soil. Use approximately 2 kg of seeds per mu. Germination usually occurs within 7–10 days.
Field management plays a key role in healthy growth. When seedlings reach 6–8 cm in height, thinning should be done to avoid overcrowding. At 10 cm, transplant the seedlings with a spacing of 6–9 cm. Regular weeding and watering are necessary to keep the soil moist. Harvest leaves periodically, applying 5–8 kg of ammonium sulfate or 10 kg of urea per acre after each harvest to promote new growth. If no leaves are harvested, less fertilizer is needed. During rainy seasons, ensure proper drainage to prevent waterlogging.
Pest and disease control is essential for successful cultivation. For downy mildew, clear the fields after harvest and burn infected plants. Rotate crops and remove excess water. Apply a 1:1:100 Bordeaux mixture or 65% zinc oxide WP diluted 500 times at the early stage of infection, repeating every 7 days for 2–3 applications. For sclerotinia, rotate crops, apply phosphorus and potassium fertilizers early, and maintain low humidity. Use sulfur compounds at the base of the plants. For root rot, spray 50% carbendazim diluted 100 times or 70% thiophanate-methyl diluted 1000 times. Remove diseased plants and irrigate with a 1:1:100 Bordeaux mixture. Ensure proper drainage to prevent disease spread. For Pieris rapae (cabbage worm), spray 90% trichlorfon diluted 800 times during the larval stage. Control locusts using 40% dimethoate diluted 800–1000 times.
Finally, harvesting is typically done in late October. Choose a sunny day, cut the leaves, dry them, and use them as medicinal black leaves. When digging up the roots, dig deeply and carefully extract the roots with a fork, wash off the dirt, and dry them before selling. Proper post-harvest handling ensures high-quality medicinal products for the market.
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