Guizhi Litchi is one of the quality varieties that have been planted in Shenzhen City. There has always been a contradiction between high yield, unsteady production, high yield, high quality, high input, and high profitability. The timely adoption of appropriate cultivation measures can solve its existing production problems and give full play to its advantages. The following describes the cultivation measures as follows:
First, to cultivate a strong result Mother sticks Guizhi Litchi after a large number of fruit, the tree is more difficult to restore, the leaves easily become light yellow, affecting the photosynthetic and root water absorption capacity, the first time the hair is mixed, The internodes are short, the blades are thin, and the branches are of poor quality. Even affect the second and third shoots of germination and timely maturity, resulting in poor bud development and difficult flowering. Therefore, we must grasp fertilizer and water management, determine the type and amount of fertilization according to tree vigor, ensure that the last shoot is extracted in mid-to-late October, and mature in early December to facilitate the formation of pure spikes.
1. Timely application of quick-improving fat-rich trees The extra-root fertilizer is applied within one week after picking fruit. Urea and potassium dihydrogen phosphate are mainly used to promote the recovery of green leaves, promote root growth, and restore tree vigor as soon as possible. At the same time, the ditching application of quick-acting fertilizers generally applies 1 kg of compound fertilizer and 0.5 kg of urea per 50 kg fruit-bearing amount, and it will ensure the absorption and growth of roots in the event of drought watering.
2. Mild retractive pruning The sweet-smelling candied tree has relatively loose branches and few branches. Generally, it adopts mild retractive pruning to cut the damaged section of the top fruit of the hanging fruit branches to promote the neat shoots to germinate neatly.
3, timely application of organic fertilizer in the first tip began to turn green, the application of heavy fertilizer ditch, per plant chicken manure 8 to 10 kilograms or peanut bran 3 to 5 kilograms, superphosphate 1.5 to 2.5 kilograms, compound fertilizer 1 Kilograms, promote root growth, provide sufficient organic nutrients for the second and third shoots to thrive, so that the new shoots are large, thick and fast, shiny, and accelerate the extraction and maturation of the resulting mother shoots. After the third shoot is pulled out, little or no chemical fertilizer is applied to prevent the winter shoot tipping.
Second, do a good job of controlling flowers
1, timely release of autumn shoots actively cultivate late autumn shoots and early winter shoots, is the best way to prevent litchi from drawing winter shoots. By means of water control, fertilizer control, pruning and other measures, the mother twigs of Guiwei were extracted before and after October 15 to 25, and they were green and mature before flower bud differentiation. The flower buds were successfully differentiated to solve the problem of manpower caused by the control of shoots. With the waste of material resources, weakened the tree potential, and affect the problem of flower quality and fruit set.
2. Use a small amount of winter shoots to adjust the balance of reproductive growth and nutrient growth in the following year. When most of the last autumn shoots of the Guizhi Litchi have turned green, while a small part of the autumn shoots are drawing the winter shoots due to the low nutritional level of the shoots, this part of the winter shoots It can be processed without any treatment, allowing it to be naturally matured, and the new shoots will be drawn in the middle, late and mid-May of the following year. It has been observed that this part of the shoot does not generally cause fruit drop in Guizhi Litchi, but the sticky shoot of glutinous rice is different. A few years of practice showed that Guizhi Litchi had a small amount of winter shoots and spring shoots, which was conducive to the accumulation of photosynthetic products. It was able to timely control the amount of fruit on the tree, thereby promoting the development of the fruit, large fruit size, and good quality. 2 to 3 days ahead of maturity. The recovery of tree vigor after harvest is fast, which is conducive to high yield and stable production in the coming year.
3, artificial and drug control tip generally in late November to mid-December, the last autumn after the old mature spiral girdling, can prevent the occurrence of winter shoots, promote the results of the mother branch into flowers. For some early-to-late shoots that were drawn too late, artificial short-cuts can be taken and foliar fertilizers can be applied to promote the young leaves to mature as soon as possible. If individual plants extract winter shoots, shoots can be used to kill shoots.
Third, the timely adoption of flowers and measures to protect the fruit Litchi chinensis spike early stage of growth is more susceptible to the impact of temperature and the emergence of leaflets, which is also caused by Guiwei flower rate and fruit setting rate is one of the reasons.
1, the application of spiral girdling technology spiral girdling can significantly reduce flower spikes, improve flower quality and female flower ratio, so that the female flower multiple flowering, extending the flowering period of 5 to 7 days. At the same time, spiral girdling can increase the carbohydrate accumulation of the resulting mother branch, improve the ability to resist cold and rainy weather during the flowering and fruit setting period, thereby increasing the fruit setting rate; significantly reducing the second and third fruit drop without any need for spraying any hormone.
2, the timely application of strong fruit Feijian fruit fertilizer to quick-acting fertilizer-based, after Xiehua drip in the drip line compound fertilizer 1.5 kg, 1.5 kg of potassium chloride. For fruit trees and weak trees, before and after the second physiological fruit drop, press 50 kg tree for fruiting, apply 5 to 10 kg of decomposed chicken manure or 2.5 kg of peanut bran, add 1 to 1.5 kg of compound fertilizer, and ensure the water balance. supply.
3, spraying enhance leaves photosynthesis Litchi flowering period often encounter low temperature and rainy weather, while the Guizhi Litchi tree is weak, poor resistance, spraying on the cloudy day 2 to 3 times Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences fruit trees produced by the nuclear acid Can improve the photosynthesis ability of litchi leaves, improve flower quality and fruit setting rate.
4. Appropriate control of the amount of fruit on the pedicle The cultivars of schizophyllum belong to the genus of small nucleus, but sometimes there is a phenomenon of high nucleus rate. It was observed that the small nucleus of Litchi chinensis was unstable and was mainly affected by external conditions. The relatively low temperature at the flowering stage impeded the development of the embryo, resulting in aborted or underdeveloped seeds and a high rate of small nucleus. When there are many pure spikes, good fertilization conditions of female flowers, and high temperature at flowering stage, the fruit setting rate is high and the results are high in the early stages. The small stone fruit is easy to drop because of poor nutrient competition, resulting in an increase in the ratio of large kernels and fruits. When the rate of large kernels is high, the seed consumes more nutrients, which affects the quality of the fruit, and it also tends to accelerate plant decline after high yield. Therefore, in the high-yield years, technical measures such as keeping proper amount of winter shoots, sparsely cutting excessive spikes and ears, and cultivating a small number of spring shoots and vegetative shoots should be adopted to appropriately adjust the amount of fruit on the tree.
Fourth, timely recovery of Guiwei fruit is easy to taste, too late harvest affect the quality, while affecting the restoration of tree vigor, should be timely, all picking, ensure the unique flavor of the fruit, reduce the impact on the tree.
First, to cultivate a strong result Mother sticks Guizhi Litchi after a large number of fruit, the tree is more difficult to restore, the leaves easily become light yellow, affecting the photosynthetic and root water absorption capacity, the first time the hair is mixed, The internodes are short, the blades are thin, and the branches are of poor quality. Even affect the second and third shoots of germination and timely maturity, resulting in poor bud development and difficult flowering. Therefore, we must grasp fertilizer and water management, determine the type and amount of fertilization according to tree vigor, ensure that the last shoot is extracted in mid-to-late October, and mature in early December to facilitate the formation of pure spikes.
1. Timely application of quick-improving fat-rich trees The extra-root fertilizer is applied within one week after picking fruit. Urea and potassium dihydrogen phosphate are mainly used to promote the recovery of green leaves, promote root growth, and restore tree vigor as soon as possible. At the same time, the ditching application of quick-acting fertilizers generally applies 1 kg of compound fertilizer and 0.5 kg of urea per 50 kg fruit-bearing amount, and it will ensure the absorption and growth of roots in the event of drought watering.
2. Mild retractive pruning The sweet-smelling candied tree has relatively loose branches and few branches. Generally, it adopts mild retractive pruning to cut the damaged section of the top fruit of the hanging fruit branches to promote the neat shoots to germinate neatly.
3, timely application of organic fertilizer in the first tip began to turn green, the application of heavy fertilizer ditch, per plant chicken manure 8 to 10 kilograms or peanut bran 3 to 5 kilograms, superphosphate 1.5 to 2.5 kilograms, compound fertilizer 1 Kilograms, promote root growth, provide sufficient organic nutrients for the second and third shoots to thrive, so that the new shoots are large, thick and fast, shiny, and accelerate the extraction and maturation of the resulting mother shoots. After the third shoot is pulled out, little or no chemical fertilizer is applied to prevent the winter shoot tipping.
Second, do a good job of controlling flowers
1, timely release of autumn shoots actively cultivate late autumn shoots and early winter shoots, is the best way to prevent litchi from drawing winter shoots. By means of water control, fertilizer control, pruning and other measures, the mother twigs of Guiwei were extracted before and after October 15 to 25, and they were green and mature before flower bud differentiation. The flower buds were successfully differentiated to solve the problem of manpower caused by the control of shoots. With the waste of material resources, weakened the tree potential, and affect the problem of flower quality and fruit set.
2. Use a small amount of winter shoots to adjust the balance of reproductive growth and nutrient growth in the following year. When most of the last autumn shoots of the Guizhi Litchi have turned green, while a small part of the autumn shoots are drawing the winter shoots due to the low nutritional level of the shoots, this part of the winter shoots It can be processed without any treatment, allowing it to be naturally matured, and the new shoots will be drawn in the middle, late and mid-May of the following year. It has been observed that this part of the shoot does not generally cause fruit drop in Guizhi Litchi, but the sticky shoot of glutinous rice is different. A few years of practice showed that Guizhi Litchi had a small amount of winter shoots and spring shoots, which was conducive to the accumulation of photosynthetic products. It was able to timely control the amount of fruit on the tree, thereby promoting the development of the fruit, large fruit size, and good quality. 2 to 3 days ahead of maturity. The recovery of tree vigor after harvest is fast, which is conducive to high yield and stable production in the coming year.
3, artificial and drug control tip generally in late November to mid-December, the last autumn after the old mature spiral girdling, can prevent the occurrence of winter shoots, promote the results of the mother branch into flowers. For some early-to-late shoots that were drawn too late, artificial short-cuts can be taken and foliar fertilizers can be applied to promote the young leaves to mature as soon as possible. If individual plants extract winter shoots, shoots can be used to kill shoots.
Third, the timely adoption of flowers and measures to protect the fruit Litchi chinensis spike early stage of growth is more susceptible to the impact of temperature and the emergence of leaflets, which is also caused by Guiwei flower rate and fruit setting rate is one of the reasons.
1, the application of spiral girdling technology spiral girdling can significantly reduce flower spikes, improve flower quality and female flower ratio, so that the female flower multiple flowering, extending the flowering period of 5 to 7 days. At the same time, spiral girdling can increase the carbohydrate accumulation of the resulting mother branch, improve the ability to resist cold and rainy weather during the flowering and fruit setting period, thereby increasing the fruit setting rate; significantly reducing the second and third fruit drop without any need for spraying any hormone.
2, the timely application of strong fruit Feijian fruit fertilizer to quick-acting fertilizer-based, after Xiehua drip in the drip line compound fertilizer 1.5 kg, 1.5 kg of potassium chloride. For fruit trees and weak trees, before and after the second physiological fruit drop, press 50 kg tree for fruiting, apply 5 to 10 kg of decomposed chicken manure or 2.5 kg of peanut bran, add 1 to 1.5 kg of compound fertilizer, and ensure the water balance. supply.
3, spraying enhance leaves photosynthesis Litchi flowering period often encounter low temperature and rainy weather, while the Guizhi Litchi tree is weak, poor resistance, spraying on the cloudy day 2 to 3 times Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences fruit trees produced by the nuclear acid Can improve the photosynthesis ability of litchi leaves, improve flower quality and fruit setting rate.
4. Appropriate control of the amount of fruit on the pedicle The cultivars of schizophyllum belong to the genus of small nucleus, but sometimes there is a phenomenon of high nucleus rate. It was observed that the small nucleus of Litchi chinensis was unstable and was mainly affected by external conditions. The relatively low temperature at the flowering stage impeded the development of the embryo, resulting in aborted or underdeveloped seeds and a high rate of small nucleus. When there are many pure spikes, good fertilization conditions of female flowers, and high temperature at flowering stage, the fruit setting rate is high and the results are high in the early stages. The small stone fruit is easy to drop because of poor nutrient competition, resulting in an increase in the ratio of large kernels and fruits. When the rate of large kernels is high, the seed consumes more nutrients, which affects the quality of the fruit, and it also tends to accelerate plant decline after high yield. Therefore, in the high-yield years, technical measures such as keeping proper amount of winter shoots, sparsely cutting excessive spikes and ears, and cultivating a small number of spring shoots and vegetative shoots should be adopted to appropriately adjust the amount of fruit on the tree.
Fourth, timely recovery of Guiwei fruit is easy to taste, too late harvest affect the quality, while affecting the restoration of tree vigor, should be timely, all picking, ensure the unique flavor of the fruit, reduce the impact on the tree.
At ancient times, people picked up wild fruits, and they found the magic of Goji , The pictograph word "qi" in Chinese character just like a man knelt down at a Goji tree , the left of the character "qi" seems like a tree, and the right like a person bowed down. That means as early as four thousand years ago, people found that Goji can keep fit and role of longevity ,Goji has magic power to people`s life.
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