Adding light and cooling water to promote the coloring of sweet pepper

Adding light improves the lighting conditions, which is a key factor in enhancing the color development of sweet peppers. Proper illumination plays a vital role in promoting even and vibrant coloring. During the fruiting stage, it's essential to remove old and yellowing leaves from the lower part of the plant, as well as any non-productive or disorganized branches. This helps improve air circulation and light penetration within the plant, leading to more uniform coloration. However, during periods of high temperature and intense sunlight, avoid removing leaves around the fruits to prevent sunburn and heat damage. Additionally, during the color change phase, it's important to clean the greenhouse film to maintain its transparency, ensuring maximum light exposure for the plants. Cooling the greenhouse environment helps regulate both day and night temperatures. The ideal temperature for sweet pepper growth and color development is around 25°C. At this temperature, lycopene—the pigment responsible for the red color—can develop more effectively. However, if temperatures exceed 35°C, the color formation may become irregular or delayed. In many greenhouses, temperatures can reach as high as 35°C at midday, so early ventilation is crucial. By 9 a.m., the upper vents and front-side vents should be opened to reduce the internal temperature. Moreover, nighttime temperatures in the greenhouse are often too high, so efforts should be made to lower them. A larger day-night temperature difference promotes better accumulation of photosynthetic products, which supports color development. The temperature difference should ideally be maintained above 10°C. Once the afternoon temperature drops to around 18°C, close the vents to ensure proper nighttime cooling. Fertilizing and watering should be done in conjunction with the above practices to support the coloring process. Applying foliar sprays with potassium and boron fertilizers can enhance color development, while excessive nitrogen application should be avoided, as it may delay ripening. Typically, the amount of potassium fertilizer used should be about twice that of nitrogen. This balanced approach ensures that the plants receive the necessary nutrients to produce high-quality, colorful peppers.

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