With the gradual increase in temperature, both the greenhouse and ground temperatures have risen. Every year, as the weather changes, yellowing of eggplant leaves becomes a common issue within the greenhouse. In severe cases, entire leaves may fall off, leaving only a few new ones, which significantly affects the yield and quality of the eggplants during this time.
At this stage, the yellowing typically occurs on the middle leaves of the plant. Most of the causes are related to improper daily management, such as overuse of pesticides, phytotoxicity from spraying, or infestations by pests and diseases. These factors can accelerate leaf aging and reduce their ability to adapt to environmental changes. When temperature fluctuations are more extreme, yellow leaves tend to appear more frequently.
Therefore, it is crucial to take early preventive measures when the temperature starts to rise. One effective approach is to spray growth regulators that help delay leaf senescence and maintain green color. Options include cytokinin diluted 1500 times, alizarin lactone at 1500 times, or a product like "Love More" diluted 6000 times.
It’s also important to control the temperature inside the greenhouse. On sunny days, the temperature can easily exceed 30°C, but eggplant leaves are not tolerant of high heat. Keeping the temperature around 28°C helps prevent premature yellowing and leaf drop.
Since eggplants are highly sensitive to chemicals, care should be taken when spraying or fumigating. Reducing the amount of pesticide or shortening the exposure time can help avoid phytotoxicity.
Moreover, the affected leaves are more prone to disease due to their weakened state. To prevent leaf diseases, regular spraying with chlorothalonil at 600 times or ibuprofen at 500 times is recommended. It’s essential to avoid products containing mancozeb, as they may worsen the yellowing problem.
By implementing these practices, growers can better manage the health of their eggplants during temperature transitions and ensure better yields and quality.
Pharmaceutical intermediates
Drug Intermediates -Pharmaceutical intermediates: A material that is produced during a process step of the drug substance and must undergo further molecular changes or refining before it becomes a drug substance. The intermediates can be separated or not separated.
Active Pharmaceutical Ingredient (APIS)(or Drug Substance) : Active Pharmaceutical Ingredient (API)(or Drug Substance) : Any substance or mixture of substances intended to be used in the manufacture of pharmaceutical products and, when used in pharmaceutical products, to be an active ingredient in pharmaceutical products. Such substances have pharmacological activity or other direct effects in the diagnosis, treatment, symptom relief, management or prevention of disease, or can affect the function and structure of the body. As can be seen from the definition, the Intermediates APIS is a key product of the previous process of manufacturing the API and has a different structure from the API
Finally, for example, amoxicillin capsules are called preparations, amoxicillin is called APIS, and 6-APA is called Veterinary Intermediates APIS.
Penicillin potassium for injection is called preparation, penicillin potassium is called Veterinary raw materials, and green potassium industrial salt is called intermediate
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