First, greenhouse greenhouse construction.
Having sufficient, fresh, clean water sources free of pesticides and chemical waste water pollution is the precondition for raising the temperature of the crabs. Greenhouse greenhouses should generally be built on the banks of rivers, lakes or large ponds. Well water can also be used (but there must be aeration equipment).
The holding pool is rectangular, east-west, 4-10 meters long, 10-100 meters wide, 1-1.2 meters deep, dam, bottom compaction, so that it does not leak water, water collapse. Larger ponds should be equipped with inflatable pipes, which are inflated with outdoor air pumps. In order to facilitate catching and management, the bottom of the pool can be covered with polyethylene mesh. Fix the agricultural film with soil, bricks, stakes, bamboo rafts, iron wire or lamination film and build a greenhouse. Greenhouses can be sloped (sloped towards the south) or arched. According to the size and shape of the greenhouse, the door is left at both ends and sides for feeding and daily management.
After the pond is built, choose quicklime, bleach, samovar, croton and other drugs for disinfection. Invest or plant suitable amount of easily-available, non-rotating aquatic plants for crabs to inhabit. Put 0.5-1m deep water, and after the medicine disappears, you can place your choice of crab.
Second, the choice of preparing crabs.
Choosing a well-prepared crab is one of the keys to the success of greenhouse conservation. The selected crabs are preferably of the same variety and require similar specifications (usually selected to weigh only 50-100 grams), and they are physically robust, free from disease and limb paralysis. The most important thing is that there must be no mature glands in the selective glands.
If the proportion of sexually mature crabs reaches more than 30%, the value of restitution will be lost.
The selected crabs are also best disinfected once. The available drugs include bleach, formalin, potassium permanganate, etc. The disinfected crabs are put into the greenhouse for feeding. Stocking densities should be 2-5 per square meter.
Third, feeding feeding.
The use of a plastic greenhouse greenhouse in the winter can keep the temperature of the greenhouse water above 15°C for most of the winter, ensuring that crabs can grow normally at the right temperature. When the water temperature dropped below 18°C, the crab's feeding intensity decreased significantly, but the greenhouse ensured that the crabs safely passed the winter. Crabs can be cultivated in the greenhouse for 3-5 months.
Crabs are fed in the greenhouse, mainly in order to keep them growing. In the later period, they are used to promote their gonadal development, accumulate nutrients, and improve their quality for marketing. Therefore, the feed types and feeding methods are also different in these two stages.
In the previous phase of feeding (from November to the first half of the month before listing), the diet should be dominated by plant foods. Such as soaked or cooked wheat, soybeans, sweet potatoes, vegetables and so on. Feeding amount is about 5%-8% of crab weight every day. It is fed once in the morning and in the afternoon, and fed at 10-11 a.m.. The feed is fed in 3 servings and fed at 4-5 PM, accounting for 7 servings. .
In the latter stage of feeding, the animal protein content in food should be appropriately increased, and appropriate amounts of small fish, shrimps, cocoons, snail meat, and compound feeds can be fed. However, in order to reduce costs or when animal feed is not easily available, Feeding according to the above method is also effective.
Fourth, daily management.
The key to the success of the crab cultivation in the greenhouse of the winter plastic greenhouse is to select the prepared crab species, maintain a higher water temperature and ensure good water quality.
In order to maintain the water temperature, we must pay attention to a good seal of the plastic film and the edge of the pond, do not open the greenhouse door for a long time or frequently open the door. If the agricultural film is damaged, it must be promptly repaired. If you encounter occasional snow conditions, remove snow from the shed. It is also necessary to flexibly adjust the depth of the water according to the weather conditions. When there is sufficient sunlight, the depth of water can be reduced, which will help to raise the temperature of the water quickly; continuous low temperature or cloudy weather should add water until the pool is full.
Because the pond space is small, the stocking density is high, and the feeding is more, and the water temperature is also relatively high. Therefore, the leftover bait and excretion of the crabs are easily corrupted, causing the breeding and breeding of pathogenic organisms. Therefore, observe the feeding condition of crabs every day and adjust the feeding amount at any time. At the same time, according to the water quality, every 1-3 days, in the afternoon when the air is warm, change the water in the pool 1/5-1/3. Changing the water should be carried out slowly. The water inlet and the outlet are carried out in the opposite corners of the pond at the same time. Even if the water body exchanges, the water temperature will not change drastically.
In order to prevent diseases, appropriate amount of sulfonamides and antibiotics should be mixed in the feed every 1-2 weeks. The feed can be soaked in a solution with a prescribed dose of the drug and then fed together with a small amount of the remaining solution. If the disease occurs, it should be promptly treated and the dead crab should be removed from the pool. It is also necessary to prevent harmful insects such as rats and snakes from entering the greenhouse.
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