Gypsophila cultivation and pest control

The glistening sky is like a starry sky deep in the night sky, picking up people's infinite imagination. Love is one of the top ten cut flowers in the world. Its annual cultivation area in Kunming is more than 3,000 acres, second only to carnations, ranking second, with high economic value, and cultivation is relatively easy. Suitable for scale planting.

I. Botanical background knowledge of the gypsophila

Gypsophila, Caryophyllus dianthus, a single flower of the wild gypsophila, through the seed reproduction, is a typical long-day plant, autumn sowing is a typical characteristic of long-day plants. The wild species of Gypsophila flowers is small, and the value of the commodity is relatively low. It is used as a breeding material and is rarely cultivated as a commodity. The double-flowered varieties currently cultivated by cut flowers are varieties that people have obtained through breeding and breeding. Breeding methods are best for tissue culture (clone) breeding, and the offspring are tidy and stable, and the good traits of the mother-family are well preserved. After the efforts of breeders at home and abroad, several varieties that are insensitive or slightly sensitive to the length of sunshine have been improved, which has laid a good foundation for the annual cultivation and supply of the flowers of the starry sky. Now, the mainstream species of Gypsophila cut flowers in Kunming -- the early flowers (insensitive to the day length) and Snow White (slightly sensitive to the sun) are the two varieties of Mr. Liu Jiaxun from Yunnan Keyi Flower Company. Two strains of strains were selected for breeding and used for production in tissue culture.

II. Cultivation

This cultivation refers to protected cultivation. The entire growing season of the starry sky should not rain, otherwise it will cause root rot and cause plant death.

Ready to work

Land selection: The cultivation of the sky full of stars requires sufficient light, deep soil, convenient drainage, rich in organic matter, good permeability, PH value of 6.5 --- 7.5. General: Deep plowing of the land, applying decomposed cow dung, smashing the soil, and planting.

2. Colonization

After getting the seedlings, plant it as soon as possible. Seedlings obtained by growers come in two forms. One is a nutritional bag seedling (bag seedlings), and the other is bare root seedlings (scattered seedlings). If transport is convenient, bag seedlings should be used as far as possible. Bag seedlings can be easily cultivated and the survival rate is high. Almost no seedlings. Gypsophila saccharifolia cultivars are planted in hot-season flowers 50X60CM and cool and cool seasons are produced in flowers 60X70CM. When cultivated, nutrition bags are torn off and the cultivation depth is equal to the height of the nutrition bags. Please do not grow too deep, otherwise the stalks will rot.

Immediately after planting, the roots should be poured with enough water. At the same time, 100 trees should be used to spray the plants and the root soil to prevent underground insect bites. On sunny days, it is best to use a 70% shading net for 3 to 5 days after planting. To improve the survival rate.

Fertilization: The period of vegetative growth—after easing the seedlings and before twitching. Use urea, calcium sulphate, and potassium sulphate to make up fertilizer, with a concentration of 1-3%. Apply once a week. The ratio of fertilizers was 2:2:1. Reproductive growth period --- convulsions to collect flowers; during this period, topdressing with N, P, K 1:1:1 compound fertilizer topdressing, every 10 days to half a month, the concentration of 3-5%.

Observation of plant growth: We observed plant growth by observing the plant leaf color. The leaf color was light green, the leaf villi were sparse, the early morning leaves showed dew on the leaves, and the leaves were broad and shiny, indicating good plant growth. If the leaf color is dark green, the leaf villi are dense, and the leaves are smaller and narrower, indicating poor plant growth.

Topping: About 20-35 days after planting, the lower part of the plant begins to germinate lateral buds. At this time, the lower 3-3-4 leaves can be kept to the main top to allow the lateral branches to grow so that high yields can be obtained. Generally each tree retains 6--8 side branches. Most varieties require 70--90 days from topping to flowering. Of course, it is OK to not top, but the output is slightly lower and the flowering time is 7--10 days ahead of schedule.

Temperature: The optimum temperature of the stars, night temperature 15-20 degrees, temperature 22--28 degrees, the temperature exceeds 32 degrees, the plants will grow poorly, manifested as slow growth, leaves become smaller, internode shortening, The transformation of flower buds into nutrient buds or malformed flower buds, commonly called rosettes, will greatly reduce the amount and quality of flower production.

III. Pest control

Insect pests: Liriomyza sativae is harmful to the whole growth period of Gypsophila and is the most serious vegetative growth period. The use of Bataan, Aifuding, Abade, and net fly lice control. Cabbage worms: Kung Fu and other prevention and treatment.

Diseases: root rot, using protective cultivation, do a good job of field drainage work, to avoid continuous cropping, the initial stage of the disease can be sprayed anti-virus control, but the entire growth period can not exceed three times, otherwise it will increase plant chlorophyll, affect the quality of flowers. Powdery mildew occurs in the season when the air humidity is low. In the initial stage, the use of new star spray control has been very effective.

Four flowers harvest

Flowering florets are 40--60% open to harvest. Using branches to harvest mature flowers, branch length 60--80CM, put into clean water after harvest, fresh, back to the packaging after the best insert the preservation of the base of fresh 8-12 hours. In order to obtain high-quality flowers, you can also spend 12-24 hours with light and flower liquid.

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