As of recently, the Plant Protection Station has reported widespread outbreaks of yellow wilt disease in cotton fields across the region. This disease has caused significant damage, particularly in early-planted cotton fields where the incidence rate is as high as 27.6%. Fields planted with Type 2 cotton also show a concerning 16.3% infection rate, while the third category of cotton fields, which are often neglected, have an 8.9% incidence rate. Experts warn that if rainfall increases between late June and early July, the situation could worsen further. To address this, it’s crucial to prioritize preventive measures starting immediately. The recommended treatments include pyrimidine nucleosides and cotton dry treasure, both of which have proven highly effective. Field trials indicate that applying these chemicals twice or thrice before July, at a rate of 100-120 ml per acre, can achieve up to 92% control over the disease. A second application in July-August, using 150 ml per acre and watering two to three times, can still maintain a 78% efficacy rate. Overall, these combined efforts can reduce crop losses by over 57%. It’s important to apply these treatments after 5 PM for better absorption.
In addition to wilt diseases, pests such as spider mites and aphids are also posing a threat, especially under the current hot and dry conditions. Recent surveys reveal that 56% of cotton fields have been affected by spider mites, while 42% have seen severe damage from aphids. These pests hinder the normal growth of cotton plants. Effective treatments include hibiscus extract, avermectin, Gacard, and Medela. Applying these pesticides early and regularly can help mitigate their impact.
Meanwhile, the prolonged drought has increased the risk of leaf rollers and leafhoppers. These insects can cause significant damage to cotton leaves, affecting photosynthesis and overall plant health. Prevention should begin around late June to early July. Farmers are advised to use products like "1605," applying 50 ml per acre, or alternatives like enemy enemy 60 ml or 50-60 ml of sock, diluted in two to three buckets of water for even coverage. It’s essential to spray these treatments in the evening for optimal effectiveness. These steps, combined with regular monitoring and timely interventions, can significantly reduce pest-related losses and ensure healthier cotton yields. (Contributed by Hubei Dangyang Agricultural 110 Service Center)
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