Scientific and reasonable drinking water plays an important role in the life activities and milk production performance of dairy cows. Water accounts for about 65% of the cow's weight and milk has more than 85% of water content. Dairy cows that produce 50 kilograms of milk each day need 50-70 kilograms of water per day. The drinking cows are light, full of energy and have high milk production. Therefore, we must pay attention to the scientific drinking water problem of dairy cows. First, provide adequate drinking water Conditional cattle farms (households) can be installed in the cowhouse automatic drinking fountains, so that cattle drink water at any time. Can also be scheduled to water every day, usually 3-4 times a day, summer 5-6 times a day. There should be a water tank in the stadium to ensure fresh and clean water supply. In short, regardless of the way water is supplied, it must be ensured that the cows drink enough water. In particular, high-yielding dairy cows should not be deprived of water in summer. Second, to ensure the health of drinking water 1, water pollution. The water source of dairy farms should avoid pesticide plants, chemical plants, slaughterhouses, etc. The best source of water is tap water. No tap water, optional well water, river water. When using river water, water needs to be settled and disinfected before drinking. Normally, 6-10 grams of bleaching powder or 0.2 gram of poisoning agent is added per cubic meter of water. When well water is selected, it is best to use deep well water. The well should be covered and sealed to prevent the entry of dirt and sewage. Grazing cows do not have to drink water, rainwater, etc. 2, the water quality is better. Generally meet the requirements of the quality of drinking water, the number of E. coli per liter of water does not exceed 10, PH value of 7.0-8.5; water hardness of 10-20 degrees and so on. To ensure good water quality, drinking water should be monitored regularly. Excessive hardness of the water can generally take cold water to reduce its hardness. In high-fluorine areas, aluminum sulfate and magnesium hydroxide can be added to drinking water to reduce the fluorine content. 3, to ensure the health of drinking water appliances. Drinking water appliances should be kept clean, washed daily and regularly sterilized. Especially in the summer, care should be taken to maintain hygiene and prevent the growth of microorganisms and water quality. In addition, the situation of sink hygiene on sports grounds cannot be ignored. Third, drinking water should talk about science. Summer cows should drink cold water, or add some anti-heat stress drugs in drinking water, such as baking soda, Vc, etc., increase drinking water appliances, ensure sufficient drinking water, increase the number of drinking water and drinking time, or In cool weather, cows are given cool green bean soup to slow down the cow's heat stress and increase milk production. Cows should be given warm water in winter, and the water temperature should not be lower than 10-12 °C. It is strictly forbidden for cows to drink ice water and snow water. Practice has proved that in the winter, some concentrates will be brewed with boiled water into gruel for cows to drink, which can significantly increase milk production. Postpartum cows should be fed warm brown sugar bran water. The formula is: 10 kg of water plus 1.0 kg of bran, 60 g of salt, 1-2 kg of brown sugar, 1.0 kg of motherwort or motherwort cream. To supplement the loss of water in dairy cows, maintain the health of dairy cows and prevent postpartum constipation in dairy cows. In addition, postpartum cows should be fed a certain amount of amniotic fluid in a timely manner, which is conducive to the smooth discharge of the tires. (Shandong County, Zaozhuang City, Shandong Province)
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