At present, during the flood season, the agricultural water pumps are widely used. How to properly use and maintain the agricultural water pumps is very important for the normal operation and longevity of irrigation, drainage, and pumps.
First, the installation of the water pump Installation and correction of the water pump is a critical first step. Although the water pump unit has been calibrated at the factory, due to transportation, assembly and Other reasons, it will lead to varying degrees of deformation or looseness. Therefore, when the water pump is installed, To install and correct.
1, installation step
(1) Remove grease and dirt from the base and place the base on the foundation.
(2) Check the level of the pedestal with a spirit level and allow it to be leveled with a wedge of iron.
(3) Water the base and anchor bolt holes with cement.
(4) After the cement is solidified, check whether the holes of the base and the anchor screw are loose, and properly tighten the anchor bolts to recheck the level.
(5) Clean the support plane of the base, the plane of the pump foot and the motor foot, and install the water pump and motor on the base.
(6) Check and adjust the coincidence of the water pump and the motor shaft line, check whether the water pump shaft and the motor shaft center line is the same, the difference between the upper and lower left and right of the outer circle of the two couplings does not exceed 0.1mm, and can be adjusted to make it concentric; The gap between the ends of the two couplings is 2-3mm.
2, the pump must pay attention to the installation:
(1) The actual suction stroke of the pump must be lower than the allowable suction stroke of the pump.
(2) The water inlet pipe of the pump should be as short and straight as possible, and it should not be raised upward or above the water pump on the horizontal line to avoid the increase of cavitation during the operation of the pump and the decrease of efficiency.
(3) The outlet pipe of the water pump should be properly expanded, and should be as close as possible to the water surface. Excessively high or low temperature can increase power consumption. Long-distance transmission should take a larger diameter. The pump's piping should have a special bracket, do not allow the weight of the pipeline to be added to the pump, to avoid crushing the pump.
(4) The distance between the bottom of the water source and the edge of the water source at the bottom valve of the water pump or the inlet pipe shall not be less than the diameter of the inlet pipe, and the depth of the water inlet pipe shall not be less than 0.5 m. When installing more than 2 pumps, the distance between the bottom valve or inlet pipe should not be less than 2 times the outside diameter of the bottom valve or inlet pipe.
(5) The discharge line check valve shall be installed outside the gate valve. The check valve shall be installed above the pump head for more than 20 meters.
(6) The diameter of the pulley should be determined according to the calculation of the rotation speed. When calculating the pulley diameter according to the formula, the factors of tape slipping should be taken into consideration and the calculated value should be adjusted appropriately.
Second, the starting, running and stopping of the water pump The starting, running and stopping of the water pump should be carried out in strict accordance with the operating procedures.
1, start
(1) When the pump starts, it is necessary to determine whether the direction of rotation of the motor is correct and whether the rotation of the pump is flexible before the pump is connected.
(2) Close the gate valve on the discharge line.
(3) Fill the pump with water or divert it with a vacuum pump.
(4) Turn on the power. When the pump reaches normal speed, gradually open the valve on the discharge line and adjust to the required working conditions. In the case where the gate valve on the discharge pipe is closed, the pump cannot be operated continuously for more than 3 minutes.
2, operation
(1) During the start-up operation, it is necessary to observe the reading of the meter, whether the temperature rise of the bearing, the leakage and heat of the filling, the vibration and noise of the pump, etc. are normal. If any abnormality is found, it shall be promptly dealt with.
(2) The bearing temperature is not higher than 80°C, or it may not exceed 40°C than the ambient temperature.
(3) If the packing is normal, leakage should be small and even.
(4) When lubricated with oil, the bearing oil level should be kept in the normal position, not too high or too low. If it is too low, it should be added in time. When grease is lubricated, the new pump should be changed after 300 hours of operation, and oil should be changed every 1500 hours. When the ambient temperature is below 0°C, it is suitable for oil lubrication; when the ambient temperature is above 0°C, it is suitable for butter lubrication.
3. Stop the valve after gradually closing the discharge valve and cut off the power.
Third, common faults and troubleshooting
1, the pump does not water. The first is to fill the pump with water to eliminate the air inside the tube; the second is to reduce the pump's water absorption height, so that it is within the pump's normal suction range; third is to check the bottom valve and impeller, see if the bottom valve has been opened, there is no Mud silt blocked, if necessary, to clean the impeller. Fourth, check the power supply system to see if the power cord is connected incorrectly and the rotation direction is correct.
2, the water pump output is small. One is the lack of speed, check the power system. Secondly, the wear of the seal ring and the impeller mouth ring is serious. Replace the seal ring and the impeller. The third is the bottom valve, impeller clutter, dismantled the bottom valve and impeller and remove debris. Fourth, the pump suction process exceeds its rated suction range. In the working process of the water pump, the water source water level will drop. This will cause the water pump to work in an ultra-absorption state. It is determined that the water pump that exceeds the suction range of 0.5 meters will reduce the water output by 20 About %, measures should be taken to take the water pump down or consider the drop of the water level during installation, so that the pump suction range is within the normal range. Fifth, the resistance of the export pipeline is large and the water loss is large. The pipeline should be shortened or the pipe diameter must be increased. Sixth, the lift of the pump is too large. It is necessary to re-select the appropriate flow pump according to the actual head and calculated water damage.
3, the internal sound of the pump is abnormal. One is that the flow rate is too large. To reduce the opening of the outlet gate valve or to increase the resistance in the outlet pipe to reduce the flow. The second is air infiltration, check the suction pipe is not sealed, block the leak. Third, the suction process is too high to reduce the water absorption height.
4, bearing overheating, water pump vibration. First, there is no oil. Lubricate oil. The second is the water pump shaft bending. Once the pump is found to be vibrating, it should be serviced immediately. If the pump shaft is not severely bent, correct it with a manual screw corrector and use it again. If it is seriously bent, replace it immediately. Third, there is no axial clearance of the bearing, and the end of the bearing cover is adjusted with a paper pad. Fourth, the transmission tape is too tight to adjust the position.
5, the motor heats up, consumes big power. One is that the pressure of the packing is too tight and the packing gland is properly relaxed. The second reason is that the impeller wear is too large, the water pump output increases, and the output pipe resistance is increased by replacing the impeller or closing the outlet gate valve to reduce the flow.
Fourth, the maintenance and maintenance of the pump
1, in addition to the use of water pumps in strict accordance with the installation instructions, but also pay attention to two points: First, do not rely solely on "experience." For example, when a water pump leaks at the end of the valve, some operators will save time. Before each start-up, fill some dry soil with the inlet pipe, and then flush the soil to the bottom valve so that the bottom valve does not leak water. This method looks simple and easy, but it is not enough. Because when the water pump starts to work, the sand in the bottom valve will enter the pump with the water, wear the impeller, pump casing and shaft, etc., seriously affect the service life, the correct method should be to repair the bottom valve, it can not be repaired ,replace. The second is to find out that the fault should be eliminated in a timely manner, and do not allow the unit to work “with sicknessâ€. For example, when the shaft of the water pump is found to be heavily worn, it is necessary to increase the packing in time, otherwise it will cause leakage of the water pump shaft packing. Leakage of the water pump shaft packing not only makes the unit energy consumption is too large, but there will be cavitation, speed up the damage of the impeller, directly affect the service life of the water pump. For another example, if the pump is found to be in severe vibration, the machine should be shut down immediately for inspection. Otherwise, if the water pump is bent and deformed, a safety accident is likely to occur.
2. After the pump unit and piping are used for a period of time, the following maintenance work should be done.
(1) Exhaust the remaining water in the pump and the piping.
(2) If the disassembly is convenient, the water pump and piping can be removed and cleaned.
(3) Check the ball bearings, such as inner wear, turbulence, ball wear, or spotted surfaces. Can be used to clean the bearing with gasoline or kerosene and butter.
(4) Check whether there are any cracks or small holes in the impeller. If the impeller fixing nut is loose, repair it or replace it if it is damaged. Check the clearance at the wear ring of the impeller. If it exceeds the specified value, it should be repaired or replaced.
(5) If neither the water pump nor the pipe is disassembled, apply a cover to seal the outlet to prevent debris from entering.
(6) When the tape is not in use, remove the tape, wash it in warm water and dry it, store it in a location where there is no direct sunlight, and do not store it in areas with oil, corrosives, and smog. In any case, do not allow the tape to be stained with oil, diesel oil, or gasoline, and do not coat the tape with rosin and other sticky substances. Before using the tape, remove the white powder from the tape contact surface.
(7) Wash all screws and bolts with a wire brush, and apply oil or immersed in diesel oil.
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