The crickets that are harmful to apple mainly include hawthorn leafhoppers, fruithoppers, and apple all-claw.
First, the harm
1, hawthorn leafhopper: also known as Hawthorn red spider, mainly harm the leaves, buds and young fruits of apple trees, when the leaves are damaged, red spiders live on the back of the leaves, spit silk nets, the screen attached to the fine soil particles and eggs There are many pale spots on the front of the leaf. When the damage is serious, the rust color appears on the back of the leaf, which leads to dehydration and hardening. The whole leaf turns yellowish-brown and charred. It resembles a fire. The orchard is seriously damaged, and most leaves may fall off in June and July. , To cause the secondary flowering and sprouting of the victim fruit trees. The severely damaged buds can not continue to grow and die.
2. Fruit oysters: Also known as the apple long-leg spider mites, spider mites, mainly on the front of the host blade suck hazards, can form a larger chlorosis spots, no rust color on the back of the leaves, this red spider does not spit wire drawing The affected petiole, branches, etc. are accompanied by a large amount of white molting, which can cause the leaves to dry and fall.
3, apple claws: also known as apple red spider, bud damage often can not be normal leaf bloom, and even the entire bud died, the victim leaves covered with yellow-white spots on the front, the last whole leaf withered, generally do not mention early leaves, nor drawing Networking.
Second, the law of occurrence
1. Hawthorn leafhoppers: 6-10 generations in 1 year. Fertilized females in the cracks in the bark, under the rough skin, and in the ground and in the ground. It is generally lighter before June and after mid-late June, it is dried at high temperature. In the climate conditions, it breeds very quickly. In July, it enters a severely hazardous stage and can cause a large amount of fallen leaves. From late July to early August, with the arrival of the rainy season and the increase of natural enemies, the density of worm populations gradually decreases until the middle of August. Insects have entered wintering sites, and some may continue to winter through September and October.
2, fruit moss: 1 year occurred 3-7 generations, the egg in the main branches and side branches of the dark side and the winter overwintering, etc., the following year in April the apple germination began to hatch, the most serious harm from the middle of June to early July, Eggs usually appear in early August.
3, Apple all-claw: 1 year occurred 6-9 generation, the egg in the fruit, moss and fruit twigs wintering, high temperature drying is conducive to the breeding harm of apple claws.
III. Prevention and control measures Based on the dormant period control and pest forecast, based on the occurrence patterns of three species of red spiders, three key periods before and after apple flowering and wheat harvest were seized, and appropriate spraying was performed. Attention was also paid to late prevention. In order to reduce the overwintering population, we can effectively control the red spider's damage.
1. Artificial control: Before the wintering of the red spider Hawthorn, the grass should be tied to the trunk or main branch of the tree to trap the overwintering females. The grass should be tightly affixed to the pine. After the overwintering of the female beak is over, the grass should be released. Burning, scraping off old rough skin, removing fallen leaves and weeds, and deep burying can eliminate the overwintering eggs of Hawthorn spiders, overwintering females and red spiders and red spiders.
2. Chemical control (1) Before dormancy of apple trees, 3-5 Be lime sulfur or 20-day diesel emulsion should be applied 30 times before the apple tree sprouts, and branches should be thoroughly sprayed.
(2) Growth period of fruit trees: 1 week before apple flowering, ie, the flowering buds of apple trees are separated at the flowering stage, 7-10 days after flowering, and 25 days after the apple is dropped. When spraying, the leaves are positively and negatively sprayed. Evenly, it can effectively control the damage of red spider. Before apple flowering, use 0.2-0.5Be, 0.1-0.3Be after flowering, lime sulfur, and 0.01-0.05Be lime sulfur in summer to perform showering spraying. Use it in late May. 5% of Nisolulone WP 1000-2000 times, 73% of Ketek EC 2000-4000 times, 25% of Broom Net 600-800 times, 20% of chlorimethanol 3000-6000 Double fluid, the above-mentioned agents should be used in rotation to prevent the spider mites from becoming resistant.
3. Biological control: There are many natural enemies of the three kinds of red spiders. Common natural enemy insects, predatory mites and pathogenic microorganisms should be protected and utilized.
First, the harm
1, hawthorn leafhopper: also known as Hawthorn red spider, mainly harm the leaves, buds and young fruits of apple trees, when the leaves are damaged, red spiders live on the back of the leaves, spit silk nets, the screen attached to the fine soil particles and eggs There are many pale spots on the front of the leaf. When the damage is serious, the rust color appears on the back of the leaf, which leads to dehydration and hardening. The whole leaf turns yellowish-brown and charred. It resembles a fire. The orchard is seriously damaged, and most leaves may fall off in June and July. , To cause the secondary flowering and sprouting of the victim fruit trees. The severely damaged buds can not continue to grow and die.
2. Fruit oysters: Also known as the apple long-leg spider mites, spider mites, mainly on the front of the host blade suck hazards, can form a larger chlorosis spots, no rust color on the back of the leaves, this red spider does not spit wire drawing The affected petiole, branches, etc. are accompanied by a large amount of white molting, which can cause the leaves to dry and fall.
3, apple claws: also known as apple red spider, bud damage often can not be normal leaf bloom, and even the entire bud died, the victim leaves covered with yellow-white spots on the front, the last whole leaf withered, generally do not mention early leaves, nor drawing Networking.
Second, the law of occurrence
1. Hawthorn leafhoppers: 6-10 generations in 1 year. Fertilized females in the cracks in the bark, under the rough skin, and in the ground and in the ground. It is generally lighter before June and after mid-late June, it is dried at high temperature. In the climate conditions, it breeds very quickly. In July, it enters a severely hazardous stage and can cause a large amount of fallen leaves. From late July to early August, with the arrival of the rainy season and the increase of natural enemies, the density of worm populations gradually decreases until the middle of August. Insects have entered wintering sites, and some may continue to winter through September and October.
2, fruit moss: 1 year occurred 3-7 generations, the egg in the main branches and side branches of the dark side and the winter overwintering, etc., the following year in April the apple germination began to hatch, the most serious harm from the middle of June to early July, Eggs usually appear in early August.
3, Apple all-claw: 1 year occurred 6-9 generation, the egg in the fruit, moss and fruit twigs wintering, high temperature drying is conducive to the breeding harm of apple claws.
III. Prevention and control measures Based on the dormant period control and pest forecast, based on the occurrence patterns of three species of red spiders, three key periods before and after apple flowering and wheat harvest were seized, and appropriate spraying was performed. Attention was also paid to late prevention. In order to reduce the overwintering population, we can effectively control the red spider's damage.
1. Artificial control: Before the wintering of the red spider Hawthorn, the grass should be tied to the trunk or main branch of the tree to trap the overwintering females. The grass should be tightly affixed to the pine. After the overwintering of the female beak is over, the grass should be released. Burning, scraping off old rough skin, removing fallen leaves and weeds, and deep burying can eliminate the overwintering eggs of Hawthorn spiders, overwintering females and red spiders and red spiders.
2. Chemical control (1) Before dormancy of apple trees, 3-5 Be lime sulfur or 20-day diesel emulsion should be applied 30 times before the apple tree sprouts, and branches should be thoroughly sprayed.
(2) Growth period of fruit trees: 1 week before apple flowering, ie, the flowering buds of apple trees are separated at the flowering stage, 7-10 days after flowering, and 25 days after the apple is dropped. When spraying, the leaves are positively and negatively sprayed. Evenly, it can effectively control the damage of red spider. Before apple flowering, use 0.2-0.5Be, 0.1-0.3Be after flowering, lime sulfur, and 0.01-0.05Be lime sulfur in summer to perform showering spraying. Use it in late May. 5% of Nisolulone WP 1000-2000 times, 73% of Ketek EC 2000-4000 times, 25% of Broom Net 600-800 times, 20% of chlorimethanol 3000-6000 Double fluid, the above-mentioned agents should be used in rotation to prevent the spider mites from becoming resistant.
3. Biological control: There are many natural enemies of the three kinds of red spiders. Common natural enemy insects, predatory mites and pathogenic microorganisms should be protected and utilized.
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