Editor's note: Recently, Wang Wanghua, a vegetable farmer in Xinjie Village, Wangdu County, said on the phone that she planted 30 mu of American shelf-free beans on March 29 this year, but she lacked the knowledge and experience in management technology and hoped to receive relevant experts. Pointing. To this end, the newspaper specially invited the vegetable expert of the Crop Research Institute of the Hebei Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Dr. Dai Suying, to write the following, hoping to help Wang Huating and all the readers who grow cowpea. Non-sheathed kidney beans, also known as dwarf cultivars, are cultivated in small sheds and can be planted in the early morning market with good economic returns. The varieties used in the previous production mainly include the U.S. non-sheathed oysters and American black cultivars. The double-film covering was planted before planting, applied organic manure, phosphorus and potash, and soil preparation to make a small sorghum covered mulch. Each sorghum was sown in two rows with a spacing of 60 cm and 25 cm. Dig holes on demand, deep hole 3 to 4 cm, about 4000 points per acre. Do not soak dry seeds directly (soaked in low temperature easy to rotten seeds), sowing 3 to 4 seeds per hole. After sowing, the bamboo mullion mulch is covered with plastic film. The suitable temperature for seedling emergence is 25°C～30°C. The surrounding area of ​​the membrane is sealed to increase the ground temperature and promote the emergence of seedlings. The emergence usually occurs in about 10 days. Post-emergence management Post-emergence management is the key to successful cultivation of small arch shelters. Temperature: After the seedlings are flushed, the weather should be released depending on the weather and the temperature in the shed should be reduced. The suitable temperature during the seedling stage is 20°C～25°C during the day and 15°C～20°C during the night. When the temperature exceeds 30°C during the daytime, the shed film can be opened from both sides of the shed and the small mouth can be released. Close the air outlet every afternoon when the temperature is below 30°C. As the weather gets warmer, when the temperature in the shed is high, you can increase the air outlet from both sides of the shed, and gradually increase the amount of air to prevent seedlings from growing. Appropriate ventilation can not only adjust the temperature, but also reduce the humidity within the greenhouse to reduce the incidence of seedling diseases. After May Day, according to weather conditions, the plastic film can be removed, small arches can be removed, and weeding and weeding can be carried out promptly after the shelter is removed. Water and fertilizer: Generally, watering is not required during seedling stage, and water can be poured before flowering when there is not enough ground water. When most of the plants are hung, they start watering, and Mu recovers 10 kg of fast-acting fertilizer. During the vegetation stage, we keep the land wet and dry, depending on the weather conditions, water is poured for 5 to 6 days. Water can be collected after each harvest, and the water is once a time. Every time we recover 10 to 15 kg of urea, it can also be used with water. Pour dilute manure or spray potassium dihydrogen phosphate or other leaf fertilizers. In the rainy season, pay attention to drainage. Harvesting: Timely harvesting of tender vinegar, and paying attention to harvesting, do not touch the injured litchi to protect the buds from flowering and scabbing. Pest control pest bean mainly rust, bituminous coal disease, blight. Kidney bean rust is a devastating disease and can be sprayed with Triadimefon, chlorothalonil, thiophanate-methyl, carbendazim wettable powder 500-800 times, and alternately used for drug control. Kidney bean bituminous coal disease began to occur after the emergence of real leaves from cowpea, and the incidence was most severe before harvest. It mainly damaged the leaves, caused leaf fall, and was susceptible to high temperature and high humidity. Prevention and control to avoid sowing too dense, in order to facilitate field ventilation and light; timely removal of diseased leaves in the field, reduce the re-infectious bacteria source; the early stage of the use of pharmaceutical spray, the agent can choose 75% chlorothalonil WP 600 times or 40% Carbendazim gel suspension 800 times and so on. Fusarium wilt can be controlled with dry wilt spray. If root rot occurs, 800 grams of enemy pine should be used as soon as possible. Insect pests are mainly soybean meal, silver leaf moth, aphids, etc., which can be controlled by Bt and imidacloprid. (Provincial Academy of Agricultural Sciences)
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