The arachnid, commonly known as the leaf orchid, is a perennial herb belonging to the Liliidae family. It features rhizomes with nodes and scales, along with single-leaf basal structures that can grow up to 70 cm in length. The leaves are oblong, dark green, glossy, and have a long, sturdy petiole. A distinctive groove is present at the base of each leaf. This plant typically flowers in spring, producing brown-purple blooms with short pedicels that grow directly from the rhizomes of thistle. Native to southern China and Japan, it thrives in warm, humid environments.
The aspidistra is a dioecious and semi-shade-tolerant plant, known for its strong resistance to low light conditions. It grows best at temperatures between 20°C and 25°C. In winter, when temperatures drop below 10°C, its growth slows down significantly. However, it can tolerate temperatures as low as 0°C without suffering frost damage. Therefore, it is suitable for outdoor cultivation in southern and southwestern China, while northern regions should grow it in pots. The soil requirements are not strict, but loose and nutrient-rich soil is ideal. During the growing season, maintaining air humidity between 50% and 60% is recommended. Fertilizing every two weeks helps promote healthy growth.
In summer, when temperatures rise, it's advisable to place the plant in partial shade and ensure good ventilation. Although the aspidistra is highly shade-tolerant, prolonged exposure to low light can cause the leaves to lose their luster and turn yellow, which may affect its ornamental value. Propagation is usually done through rhizome division, and this method can be carried out throughout the year. To propagate, first remove the plant from its pot, wash off the soil, trim any old or yellowed roots and leaves, then divide the plant into several sections, ensuring each has about five to six leaves. These divisions are then planted in new containers, with the rhizomes buried about 2 cm deep in the soil. After 2 to 3 years, the divided plants can be repotted.
The aspidistra has bright green, leafy foliage and exhibits strong cold and shade tolerance. It is widely used for greening public spaces such as hotels, conference rooms, and subway stations. It also performs well in under-forest planting, where it spreads naturally and contributes to an attractive, low-maintenance landscape. Its adaptability and resilience make it a popular choice for both indoor and outdoor settings.
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