English name: Palea steindachneri
Common name: Shan Ruiji, Tuanyu, Rui fish. Origin and production period:
This species is native to Yunnan, Guizhou, Guangdong, Guangxi, and Hainan provinces in China.
It is classified as a nationally protected animal of Class II.
Introduction:
Also known as Shanrui, Tuanyu, or Ruiyu, this aquatic creature belongs to the family Paeoniidae and is scientifically named Palea steindachneri. It is a rare and unique species that has captured the attention of both researchers and conservationists.
The carapace measures between 7 to 16 cm in length and 6 to 14 cm in width. Its overall shape closely resembles that of a pupa, but it can be distinguished by the base of its neck and the edge of the dorsal shell. The back plate is elliptical, while the back and enamel plates are underdeveloped. The surface is covered with soft, leathery skin, and there are thick flaps around the edges. The head protrudes forward, forming a distinct snout, with a nostril at the front. The eyes are small and round. It has a long, flexible neck. The limbs are flat, with five fingers and toes, and the inner three claws are well-developed. The fingers and toes are clearly visible and functional. Only the head and neck can be retracted into the shell for protection.
This species inhabits mountain rivers and ponds, feeding primarily on aquatic animals. It is highly valued for its nutritional benefits and has traditional medicinal uses. However, due to overharvesting and habitat loss, its population has drastically declined, making it extremely rare. It is often mistaken for other similar species, leading to illegal capture and trade. Fortunately, some breeding programs have been established to help protect and preserve this endangered species.
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