**Scientific Name:** *Cestrum nocturnum* L.
**Family:** Solanaceae (Nightshade Family)
**Common Names:** Night Clove, Woody Night Primrose, Night Fragrant Flower, Night Orchid Incense
**Plant Type:** Evergreen shrub, known for its fragrant blooms that open at night.
**Origin:** Native to the Americas, particularly the tropical regions, but widely cultivated in southern areas of China. In northern regions, it is commonly grown in pots.
**Naming Origin:** The plant is named for its evening fragrance, which becomes more pronounced in the cool breeze of the night. It remains green throughout the year, making it a popular choice for gardens and indoor spaces.
**Morphological Features:**
The plant has hairy branchlets with weak growth. Leaves are opposite, ovate or broadly ovate, with a heart-shaped base and small hairs on the surface. The stems are long and thin, with a small tip at the end. Flowers grow in clusters in the leaf axils, short-stalked, yellow-green in color, and emit a strong fragrance, especially at night. The calyx is 5-lobed, and the corolla has a short tube. Flowering occurs from May to September, and the fruit is a narrow, pointed cone, measuring about 7–8 cm in length.
**Growth Habits:**
This plant thrives in tropical climates and is easy to grow. It can survive winter if temperatures stay above 10°C without losing leaves. It is suitable for planting on balconies or in courtyards during spring. Regular application of diluted liquid fertilizer helps maintain healthy growth, and consistent watering ensures abundant flowering. The plant grows quickly, producing dense foliage and branches. Pruning is recommended to shape the plant and promote more flowers. From July to September, it produces its most vibrant blooms.
**Propagation Methods:**
Cuttings are the most common method of propagation. Both soft and semi-lignified shoots can be used, with semi-lignified cuttings having the highest survival rate. Cut a 10 cm section from the stem, remove the lower 2–8 leaves, and make a horseshoe-shaped cut at the base. Place the cutting in a glass bottle filled with water, changing the water every 5–7 days. After 20–30 days, roots will develop, and a new seedling will form. Spring cuttings can bloom by autumn, while autumn cuttings will flower the following year.
**Breeding Method:**
Propagation through branches is the most effective method. Two or more plants can be propagated from the root part of the parent plant. This method results in fast-growing seedlings, though it may have limited yield due to the need for careful selection of cuttings.
**Uses:**
*Cestrum nocturnum* is ideal for garden planting and potted cultivation. Its fragrant flowers add beauty and scent to any space. Additionally, the plant has edible and medicinal properties, making it a versatile addition to both ornamental and functional landscapes.
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