Poplars are widely favored by people due to their rapid growth, adaptability to various environments, and significant economic value. However, as the area of poplar plantations continues to expand—especially in pure forest regions—outbreaks of leaf-eating pests have become increasingly frequent. This makes the comprehensive management and control of these pests more critical than ever.
I. Types of Poplar Leaf-Eating Pests
The main leaf-eating pests affecting poplars include the Yang-Ping Moth, Yang Xiao Zhou Moth, Huang Ting-Ye Ye, and Yang Bai-Xie. The first two species typically complete 3 to 4 life cycles per year, while the latter two only reproduce once annually.
II. Characteristics of Poplar Leaf-Eating Pests
These pests tend to appear every year in large numbers, with high egg-laying rates and a tendency to cluster. They consume large quantities of leaves in a short time, often leading to sudden outbreaks that can last 3 to 5 days. This results in severe damage, where entire trees may look like they're in winter during the summer. Additionally, these pests cause long-term damage, as they remain active throughout the entire growing season of the poplar trees.
III. Control Measures
(a) Creating mixed forests: Combining poplar plantations with other tree species such as eucalyptus or tung trees can help reduce pest infestations. Mixed forests with certain flavonoid-rich plants also provide ecological benefits.
(b) Manual control: Timely removal of larvae is essential. Spraying a 25% suspension of diflubenzuron at a dilution of 2500 times, using 30-40 grams per acre, can be effective during the hatching period.
(c) Light trapping: Using blacklights to attract and trap adult pests is effective between early July and late July.
(d) Biological control: Encouraging natural predators such as magpies, sparrows, and ladybugs can help manage pest populations. Spraying with cyanobacteria or BT WP (Bacillus thuringiensis) is another effective method. Releasing Trichogramma wasps (20,000–40,000 per mu) during the egg-hatching period can also be beneficial. Planting flowering plants around poplar groves provides a favorable habitat for beneficial insects, enhancing biological control efforts.
By implementing these integrated pest management strategies, it's possible to significantly reduce the impact of leaf-eating pests on poplar plantations, ensuring both environmental sustainability and economic returns.
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