Smiles, also known as banana blossoms or smiling flowers, are unique in appearance—half-opened when the flower is in bloom, often drooping, and their shape resembles a smile or a frown. These flowers are highly valued as ornamental plants in Chinese gardens.
The primary method of propagation is through cuttings, though grafting, sowing, and layering are also viable options. Cuttings are typically taken in June, using one-year-old branches that are 8 to 10 cm long, with 2 to 3 leaves left at the top. The cutting bed should consist of well-drained, loose sandy loam or peat soil. After planting, the soil should be firmly packed and thoroughly watered, while shade nets should be placed over the beds to maintain moisture and reduce direct sunlight. Grafting is usually done using rootstocks such as purple magnolia or yellow orchid, and it’s best performed in mid-March to early April, either by cleft grafting or bud grafting. For sowing, seeds can be planted in November or potted after the spring thaw in spring. Seedlings usually emerge in late May, and shading is essential during this period. Layering is another effective technique, with high-layering done in early May and air-layering in early July, followed by separation from the mother plant in mid-September.
In terms of cultivation, these flowers thrive in southern regions when planted directly in the ground, while northern growers often prefer container planting. When transplanting, it's important to include a soil ball around the roots, ideally done between mid-March and mid-April. Potted plants require a slightly acidic, well-aerated, and humus-rich soil mix. It's recommended to repot annually and ensure good ventilation. A liquid acid fertilizer should be applied once a month from May to September. In winter, the plants should be moved indoors or into greenhouses, and returned outdoors once temperatures rise in spring. With proper care, smiles can flourish and bring beauty to any garden or indoor space.
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