After the eggplant planting stage in the spring greenhouse, cultivating strong seedlings is crucial for achieving early maturity and high yield. Compared to traditional seedlings, plug seedlings offer significant advantages such as stronger growth, fewer diseases, shorter production time, space efficiency, better uniformity, and easier transportation—making them a popular choice among farmers. Here's a detailed guide on how to grow these high-quality eggplant plug seedlings:
Eggplant plug seedlings are typically 60 to 70 days old when ready for transplanting. Growers usually use 50- or 72-cell trays. The growing medium is a mix of peat, vermiculite, chicken manure, and cow manure in a ratio of 2:1:1:1 or 1:1:0.5:0.5. A small amount of slow-release fertilizer is also added. The peat should be crushed and sifted before mixing. Fill the trays with the prepared mix, but avoid overfilling to prevent water runoff during irrigation.
Soak the seeds in warm water at 50°C to 55°C for 20 hours at room temperature. After soaking, rinse the seeds thoroughly with clean water and reserve the used water for later use.
Before sowing, pre-moisten the cells in the tray. Place one or two seeds in each cell, then cover them with a thin layer of substrate, ensuring it's level with the tray. Cover the tray with plastic film to maintain moisture and warmth. Keep the temperature between 25°C and 30°C during germination. Once more than 50% of the seeds have emerged, remove the plastic and maintain a temperature between 22°C and 25°C.
It's important to monitor the moisture level of the substrate. When the surface starts to turn white, it's time to water. Additionally, while watering, you can spray a foliar solution of 0.2% potassium dihydrogen phosphate and 0.2% urea to supplement nutrients. Pest and disease control follows the same methods as conventional seedling practices.
When the seedlings have 5 to 7 true leaves, reach a height of about 15 cm, and show well-developed roots, they are ready for transplanting. During planting, the seedling tray is transported directly to the field. Seedlings are carefully pulled out by hand and planted into the soil. This method ensures minimal root disturbance and promotes faster establishment in the field.
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