How to use agricultural urea is the most efficient? Urea is the main nitrogen fertilizer used by farmers at present. However, if the application method is not correct and the application period is not suitable, the utilization rate will be significantly reduced. In severe cases, the utilization rate is less than 30%. It is necessary to apply urea correctly and scientifically.
Urea product picture
- Balance fertilization. On the basis of soil testing, fertilization should be applied to the application of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizers. First, all the phosphorus and potassium fertilizers needed for the whole growth period of the crop and some (about 30%) nitrogen fertilizer should be combined.
- Then, about 70% of the remaining nitrogen fertilizer (which can be used as urea) is applied as a top dressing. In the critical period of fertilizer demand and maximum efficiency, only nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizers can be properly combined and scientifically applied. The utilization rate of urea application is increased.
- Appropriate pursuit. In agricultural production, some unreasonable fertilization phenomena can often be seen: for example, corn seedlings are topdressed, farmers are spreading urea into the fields; vegetables are washed with water and urea. This applies urea, although the fertilizer is used, but the waste phenomenon is serious (ammonia volatilization, urea particles are lost with water).
- The key to improving the utilization rate of fertilizers is to grasp the critical period and maximum efficiency period of nutrient absorption of various crops, and try to improve the utilization rate of fertilizers in the nutrient period of crops. Corn should be in the period from jointing to big bell, rice from greening to tillering, and soybeans should be applied in urea at the early flowering stage.
- Urea should be applied to the soil in depth. Paddy fields, dry land, and urea are all better. Practice has proved that after applying urea to the surface of the ground for 4-5 days at room temperature, most of the nitrogen will be ammonia volatilized, and its utilization rate is only about 30%. The most reasonable method for applying urea is hole application and ditch application.
- The application of the hole and the ditch can make the crop make full use of its nutrients, and the application is easy to lose nutrients. Urea is placed in a soil layer of 10-15 cm. Since the soil colloid has a large adsorption capacity for ammonia, the nitrogen utilization rate can generally be increased by about 20%.
- It is not advisable to water immediately after applying urea. The nitrogen content of urea is amide nitrogen, which is converted into ammonium carbonate or ammonium bicarbonate under the action of urease secreted by soil microorganisms to be absorbed or utilized by crop roots or soil adsorption. If watered or rained immediately after application, the amide nitrogen will be lost. Soil water shortage is serious, non-irrigation is not time, but also to do small water and dip irrigation, avoid flooding.
- When using urea to topdress rice, it should be fertilized with water. The water in the paddy field should be drained and then urea applied, and then a small amount of water should be released. The urea should be brought into the root layer of the soil with water. The deepest layer of water should not exceed 3-5 cm. It is not possible to drain the water within 6-7 days after the application of the paddy field. It is best to control the shallow water layer and cultivate after fertilization to promote the integration of soil and fertilizer to avoid nitrogen leaching.
- Strictly control the spraying urea concentration: the concentration of general grass crops is about 2%, the fruit trees are about 0.5%, and the vegetables are between 0.5% and 1.5%. For the growth period of the crop, or for adult fruit trees, the concentration of urea applied can be appropriately increased. It is better to spray before 9:00 am and after 4 pm on sunny days.
- With organic fertilizer. The combination of urea and organic fertilizer is an effective measure to improve the efficiency of urea. It can make up for short, quick and easy, improve fertilizer efficiency, save fertilizer, promote microbial activities, improve crop nutrient conditions, increase yield, increase income, etc. Economic benefits.
Further reading: Precautions for the use of urea in agriculture
- If urea is not stored properly, it will easily absorb moisture and agglomerate, affecting the original quality of urea, and bring certain economic losses to farmers. This requires the majority of farmers to properly store urea.
- Be sure to keep the urea packaging bag intact before use. Handle it gently during transportation, protect it from rain and rain, and store it in a dry, well-ventilated place with a temperature below 20 °C.
- If it is stored in large quantities, it should be padded with wooden squares for about 20 cm, and the upper and the roof should have a gap of more than 50 cm to facilitate ventilation and moisture, and an aisle should be left between the concrete and the concrete. For inspection and ventilation. If the urea that has been opened is not used up, it must be sealed in time to facilitate the next year.
- Avoid contact with skin and eyes.
[Small Tips] Urea, washing powder, and water 4:1:400 parts, stir and mix, can prevent pests such as aphids, red spiders, and cabbage caterpillars on fruit trees, vegetables and cotton, and the insecticidal effect is over 90%.
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