The pipeline cultivation of strawberries is the use of pipelines as the carrier for strawberry cultivation, and the use of micro-control computers to achieve intelligent regulation of environmental factors such as nutrient solution and lukewarm gas and heat, allowing strawberry to grow and flower normally and rapidly under hydroponic conditions. result. This method can reduce the pests and diseases caused by the soil, more safety and health, and can be three-dimensional cultivation in greenhouses, home balconies, indoor and other places, significantly increase the yield per unit area, but also as a tourism agriculture development tourism projects. The Intelligent Rapid Propagation Center of Lishui Institute of Agricultural Sciences in Zhejiang Province has been successful through two years of experimentation. The main technical links are described below.
1. Construction of cultivation facilities
(1) Site selection. Large-scale pipe cultivation is generally required to be carried out in greenhouses to facilitate the control of warm and humid air and heat, while small-scale cultivation can be performed on roofs and balconies.
(2) Cultivation frame production. Buy PVC pipe from the market, make a hole every 20 centimeters, the aperture size is 6-10 centimeters, and the length of the pipe is 8-10 meters. It is easy to cause oxygen deficiency in the terminal plant when it is too long. Put the well-opened PVC pipe on the leveled wooden frame. The height of the wooden frame is about 1.5 meters, which is convenient for manual operation. The slope of the wooden frame is 60 degrees, each pipe is separated by 30 centimeters, and the distance between the pipes is too large. Small amount, too little influence ventilation and light.
(3) Nutrient pool construction. The nutrient pool divides the mother liquor pool and the pool. The liquid pool is mainly used for the circulation and return of the nutrient solution in the pipeline, so that the nutrient solution can be recycled. The mother liquor pool is mainly used to store the mother liquor of the supplementary nutrient solution. After the nutrient solution is absorbed by the plants, the nutrient composition is reduced, and the conductivity value can be detected by a micro control computer. If the value is lower than the set value, the mother liquor is automatically supplemented. The nutrient solution pool and the mother liquor pool are preferably built underground, and it is beneficial to the rapid growth of strawberries in the warm winter and cool summer.
2. Cultivation techniques
(1) Selection of strawberry varieties. The strawberry planted by pipeline is generally chosen to have a short dormancy period, with a few days from flower buds to flowering, and with high fruit setting rate, cold-tolerant, yin-resistant and disease-resistant varieties, such as Chunxiang, Mingbao and Fengxiang, etc., for the Spring Festival market.
(2) seedlings and planting. The cultivation of strawberries in greenhouse greenhouses is mainly based on supply of spring market, so it is required that the seedlings have completed flower bud differentiation before freezing. One week before planting, carbendazim and thiophanate-methyl were used for preventive disinfection. Before planting, old leaves, diseased leaves, stolons and some rotted roots were cut off, and young and weak seedlings were removed. It is usually planted in early October. When planting, the root and neck are wrapped in a sponge and stuffed into a hole that has been drilled.
(3) nutrient solution configuration. The nutrient solution for strawberry cultivation can use full price nutrient solution like Japanese garden formula; it can also use recipe for Yamazaki strawberry. In order to prevent sedimentation during deployment, it is generally necessary to separate the source of calcium and the source of phosphorus. Can be divided into A, B, c three categories (such as Yamazaki strawberry recipe), will not produce precipitation of calcium nitrate and potassium nitrate into one category, the phosphate ammonia and magnesium sulfate into another category, the other as one class. When the configuration is generally added water l/3, completely dissolve the class A substances, stir evenly, and then dissolve and dilute group B substances to a certain extent, slowly inject into the water inlet, add water while injecting and continue to stir, stir and then use the same The method of adding liquid C. Yamazaki strawberry recipe is formulated in the following amounts per ton: Group A, 236 g of calcium nitrate tetrahydrate, 303 g of potassium nitrate; Class B substance, 57 g of monoammonium phosphate, 123 g of magnesium sulfate heptahydrate; C liquid, blended 20-40 g of iron, 2.86 g of boron, 2.13 g of manganese sulfate tetrahydrate, 0.22 g of zinc sulfate heptahydrate, 0.08 g of copper sulfate, and 0.02 g of ammonium molybdate.
(4) The adjustment of the pH of the nutrient solution. The pH of cultivated strawberry nutrient solution is preferably weak acidity maintained between 5.5-6.5, and can be detected with a portable pH meter. If the pH is too high, ie alkaline, an appropriate amount of phosphoric acid or sulfuric acid should be added for neutralization. If it is a hard water area, it can be neutralized with a mixture of phosphoric acid and sulfuric acid; when the pH is too low, that is, it is acidic, sodium hydroxide or hydroxide can be added. Potassium is neutralized. The pH adjustment period is preferably 1-2 weeks, and it is found that the pH is not suitable for immediate adjustment in the reservoir.
3. Management after planting
(1) Management of nutrient conductivity. Seedling period after planting: 1.0-1.5 millisieverts; flowering period: 1.5-1.8 millisieverts; harvesting period: 1.8-2.0 millisieverts.
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