Autumn is a critical period in the annual management of apple trees. Doing a good job in the management of autumn apple trees can not only effectively improve the fruit yield and quality of the year, but also prevent the early defoliation and increase the storage nutrition of apple trees by maintaining the photosynthetic performance of apple trees. Strong tree vigor will lay a good foundation for the flowering results in the coming year.
1. Pest control. After the fall, with the increase of fruit sugar content, the rotten fruit rate will increase, and some leaf-feeding pests are also often harmed. Therefore, we must not relax pest control in the fall. According to the general year, the fruit begins to enter September, and this period should be checked frequently. If the disease is found, it is used to control the unsealed trees with a mixture of 600 times 80% phosphine aluminum and 50% carbendazim 800 times. -8 days spray once, even spray 2-3 times, can effectively control the occurrence of rot disease; the paper bag fruit trees in the picking bag after the timely spray of fresh water 800 times the fruit to protect. In addition, from September to October, it is necessary to insist on the timely removal of the rotten fruit and deep processing. In the prevention and control of insect pests, the prevention and control of pests such as leaf leaf moths, caterpillars, leaf roller moths and other pests have been focused on. If pests are found, they can be treated with 20% cypermethrin 2000 times. In addition, in early September in the trunk or the main branch tied 4-5 laps of grass can kill red and white spiders, leaf roller moths and other trees over the winter pests.
2. Fertilizer management. After the fall, pay attention to watering and fertilizing the orchards. From early September to early October, we must keep the orchard soil moist, and apply appropriate phosphorus, potash, or fruit-specific fertilizers along with water, and add foliar fertilizers with pesticides. . Foliar fertilizer can use amino acid compound fertilizer, Hui Manfeng, potassium dihydrogen phosphate solution.
3. Do a good job of autumn cuts. The first is to clean up the tree shrews and cut off the right-handed poles and close shoots. The second is the closure of the trees between the plants and between the lines. In mid-October, the new shoots of fruit trees are cut off, and the canopy crown width can be reduced. After the fruit is harvested, it can be used for the thinning and shearing of large and dense branches between the lines and between the lines. Maintain the line between 1m and above. The third is the autumn branch. To change the direction of branch shoots by using lychee and taking support, pulling, bracing, hanging, and falling, try to keep the big branches flat. Especially for saplings below 5 years old, autumn is the most suitable season for pulling branches.
4. Fruit coloration. Spray 0.3% potassium dihydrogen phosphate solution every 10-15 days before mining. For paper bags, bags should be removed 15-25 days before harvesting. At the beginning of October, the leaves within 5-10 cm around the fruit were removed and the leaf stalks were preserved when the leaves were picked. Attention was paid to picking up the senescent leaves and picking up the middle and upper functional leaves. When the positive surface of the fruit is well colored in early October, gently hold the fruit by hand, and turn the fruit in the same direction by 90 degrees, so that the fruit's yin will turn into a positive surface, and then turn the fruit in the opposite direction after 7-10 days to restore the fruit. In case of a paper bag, the fruit should begin to transfer after 7-8 days. Conditional orchards can be retroreflective under the trees in late September to promote the coloration of fruit pods and produce whole red fruits. Appropriate late harvest of Red Fuji apples is beneficial to fruit sugar enhancement, and improve fruit quality. The suitable harvest period of Hong Fuji apple in Hengshui City is from the end of October to the beginning of November.
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